故事 Story
一个吝啬鬼,一时想不开,决定服毒自杀。 他来到一个药店,药店伙计按要求给他开了一副毒药。 结账时,他指着前面的人买的药对药店伙计说:"这个我不要了,也给我开副那个药。" 伙计很纳闷儿:"您刚开的是毒药,人家那个是补药,不一样啊。" 这位顾客回答:"可毒药比补药贵一倍呢!" A miser was having a hard time, and decided to take some poison to commit suicide. He came to the pharmacy, and the pharmacist wrote him a prescription for the poison, just as he had requested. When he went to pay for it, he pointed at the medicine the person in front of him was buying and said, "I don't want this one, I want that one." The pharmacist was perplexed: "You asked for poison, and the other person is buying tonic. They are not the same." This miser answered: "But the poison costs twice as much as the tonic!"
词语注释 Note
毒药:(dúyào) n. poison
补药:(bǔyào) n. tonic, restoratives
吝啬鬼:(lìnsèguǐ) n. miser
想不开:(xiǎng bu kāi) take things too hard
服:(fú) v. take(medicine)
药店:(yàodiàn) n. pharmacy
伙计:(huǒji) n. shopboy
开:(kāi) v. prescribe
副:(fù) m.w. measure word for prescription
结账:(jiézhàng) v. pay
纳闷儿:(nàmèner) v. feel puzzled
语言点Language Point
倍数的表达:Usage of Multiple Expressions in Chinese
(1)表示数目的增加常用倍数,形式通常是:数词+"倍",如一倍、两倍、五倍等。 倍数一般不用来表达数量的减少,这种情况一般是用分数或百分数。
1. When speaking of the increase of something, we often use multiples. Normally, the pattern in Chinese is: "Number +倍(bèi)", for example, "一倍(yí bèi)", "两倍(liǎng bèi)", "五倍(wǔ běi)", etc. However, multiples are not usually used to show the decrease of the amount. In this case, fraction or percentage would usually be used instead.
For example:
今天的人数比昨天增加了一倍。
There are twice as many people here today as yesterday.
这辆汽车的生产成本降低了百分之十。
The production cost of this kind of car has decreased by ten percent.
(2)表示数目的增加也可用分数或百分数。
The increase can also be expressed by fraction or percentage.
For example:
今天的客流量比昨天增加了两倍。
The passenger flow today is three times as that of yesterday.
今天的客流量比昨天增加了百分之二百。
The passenger flow today is two-hundred percent more than yesterday.
(3)"增加了"不包括底数。由二上升到四是"增加了一倍",也可以说"增加到两倍"。因此文中的"毒药比补药贵一倍呢"也可以说成: 毒药的价格是补药的两倍呢。
"增加了(zēngjiāle)" does not include the original number. So from two to four, it can be expressed as "增加了一倍(zēngjiāle yí bèi)", or "增加到两倍(zēngjiā dào liǎng bèi)". Therefore, "毒药比补药贵一倍呢(dúyào bǐ bǔyào guì yí bèi ne)"(the poison costs one time more than the tonic) in the story can also be expressed as "毒药的价格是补药的两倍呢(dúyào jiàgé shì bǔyào liǎng bèi ne)"(the price of the poison doubles that of the tonic).