酷兔英语
    当前位置:
  1. 首页
  2. 文章
  3. 英语新闻
  4. 双语财经新闻
  5. 正文

商学院学生真的有那么多元化吗？

0 收藏 0 分享 0 赞


Elite M.B.A. programs like to tout their rising minority enrollments, but are B-school students all that diverse?


尖的美国MBA项目喜欢夸耀说，他们注册入学的少数民族学生人数正在不断上升，但是商学院学生真的有那么多元化吗？



The answer: It depends.


答案是：那还得视情况而定。



While many top programs boast that ethnic or racial minorities comprise a quarter or more of their student bodies, most of that population is Asian-American, a group that is statistically overrepresented at business schools when compared with their proportion of the U.S. population at large. But among traditionally underrepresented groups, including African-Americans, Hispanic Americans and Native Americans, enrollment remains low -- a sign, some say, that B-schools have much more work to do to attract those students.


许多顶尖的美国MBA项目自吹自擂说，他们的少数民族学生占了全体学生比例的1/4甚至更多。但事实是，这些少数民族学生大部分是亚裔美国人。统计数据显示，亚裔美国人学生在商学院中的比例超过了亚裔美国人占美国全部人口的比例。但是在未被充分代表的少数民族群体──包括非洲裔美国人、拉美裔美国人和印第安人──中，入读MBA的人数依然很少。有人说，这一迹象表明，要吸引到这些学生，商学院还有大量工作要做。



For example, Cornell University's Johnson Graduate School of Management reported that 34% of its two-year M.B.A. class graduating next spring will be minorities, up from 31% in the class that graduated this year. But taking Asian-Americans from that count shows the share of underrepresented minority students actually fell during that time, to 12% from 15%.


例如，康奈尔大学(Cornell University)的约翰逊管理研究生学院(Johnson Graduate School of Management)报道称，他们今年春季毕业的两年制MBA班中，有31%的学生是少数民族，明年春季毕业的这个班中其比例升至34%。但如果将亚裔美国人从这一统计中去除，未被充分代表的少数民族学生的占比则分别仅为12%和15%。



Despite 'minor fluctuations' in the population of underrepresented minorities, 'we have been very pleased to consistentlyexceed our goal of being over 30% minority and 10% underrepresented minorities in our recent two-year M.B.A. classes,' says Nsombi B. Ricketts, director of Johnson's Office of Diversity and Inclusion.


约翰逊管理研究生学院多元化与包容性办公室(Johnson's Office of Diversity and Inclusion)主任里克茨(Nsombi B. Ricketts)说，"我们的目标是少数民族学生占比超过30%，未被充分代表的少数民族学生占比超过10%，"尽管未被充分代表的少数民族学生的数量会有"小幅波动，但近年来我们两年期MBA班都超额完成了这一目标，我们为此感到很欣慰。"



A decade ago, Johnson's M.B.A. class was 19% minority, and 8% underrepresented minority.


十年前，约翰逊管理研究生学院MBA班的少数民族学生占全体学生数的19%，未被充分代表的少数民族学生占8%。



Enrollment numbers are only part of the issue, schools contend -- applications from underrepresented groups are also low. Most schools don't break down their application data by race, but admissions consultants and other business-school insiders say those groups remain underrepresented in application pools too.


商学院方面辩解道，注册入学的学生数低只是问题的一部分，此外，来自未被充分代表的少数民族群体的入学申请也非常少。大部分学校并不会根据种族对申请数据进行分类，但招生顾问和其他熟悉商学院内情的人说，未被充分代表的少数民族申请者在全部申请者中所占比例同样也是偏低的。



'When you look at B-school demographics, you see pretty healthy numbers on overall minorities. When you unpack it a little bit, the numbers are very different,' says John Rice, founder and chief executive of Management Leadership for Tomorrow, one of the largest nonprofit organizations supporting underrepresented minorities applying to business school.


"明日的管理领导者"（Management Leadership for Tomorrow，下文称MLT）是支持未被充分代表的少数民族学生申请商学院的最大规模的非营利性机构之一。该机构的创建者及首席执行长莱斯(John Rice)说，"当你查看商学院的人口统计数据时，你会发现少数民族学生的整体占比很可观。但当你将这个整体分解开来看时，不同族群学生的占比数字区别就很大了。"



Growing minority enrollment is a major factor in attracting corporate recruiters, who are seeking more diversity among new M.B.A. hires and are particularly drawn to schools with such populations. And it is important for B-schools to bring companies to their campus, since the schools draw in new students in part based on their prior job-placement success.


不断增多的少数民族学生是商学院吸引公司招聘者的一个重要因素。他们希望新雇佣的MBA毕业生更加多元化，因此对学生种族多元化的商学院特别感兴趣。对商学院而言，吸引公司来学校进行招聘很重要。因为学院能否招到新生，部分也要看该学院以前的毕业生是否成功就业。



Many schools are hesitant to discuss their diversity numbers in detail. Columbia Business School and Stanford Graduate School of Business, for example, reported minority populations of 35% and 27%, respectively, for the M.B.A. class graduating in 2013, but don't disclose the 'underrepresented' figures.


许多商学院不太愿意讨论他们少数民族学生的具体数量。如，哥伦比亚大学商学院(Columbia Business School)和斯坦福大学商学院(Stanford Graduate School of Business)公布了2013年毕业的MBA班的少数民族学生占比，分别为35%和27%，但并没有披露未被充分代表的少数民族的占比数。



'[Schools] cloud the picture by the way that they report statistics,' says Peter J. Aranda III, executivedirector and CEO of the Consortium for Graduate Study in Management, a nonprofit that offers applicationassistance and financial aid to minorities in business school. 'There's certainly a portion of the general public that think 30% is a good number.'


管理专业研究生联合会(Consortium for Graduate Study in Management)是一家为少数民族在商学院学习提供申请帮助和财政资助的非营利性机构。该机构的执行董事和首席执行长阿兰达三世(Peter J. Aranda III)说，"（学校）这种公开数据的方式让外人很难了解到真实的情况。有一部分民众认为达到30%的比例就很好了。"



The class of 2012 was the most diverse ever at Dartmouth College's Tuck School of Business, with 19% minorities and 10.2% underrepresented minorities. Karen Marks, diversity officer and associatedirector of admissions, says the school has 'significantly increased' those figures in her 4 1/2 years at Tuck. However, that figure has fallen, and just 14% of the class of 2013 is classified as 'minority.'


达特茅斯大学塔克商学院(Dartmouth College's Tuck School of Business)2012年毕业的班级是该学院有史以来最多元化的，其少数民族学生占比为19%，未被充分代表的少数民族学生的占比为10.2%。该学院多元化事务工作人员、招生办公室副主任马克斯(Karen Marks)说，她在塔克商学院工作的四年半中，学院少数民族学生的占比已经"大幅度增加"。但这一数字目前却在下降，2013年毕业的班级中，只有14%的学生被归为"少数民族"。



University of Michigan's Stephen M. Ross School of Business reported 28% of its 2013 graduating class are minorities, but just 10% of the class is African-American, Hispanic American or Native American. The minority and underrepresented minority figures at Carnegie Mellon University's Tepper School of Business are 27% and 9%, respectively, and those at Yale School of Management are 25% and 7%.


密歇根大学斯蒂芬•M•罗斯商学院(University of Michigan's Stephen M. Ross School of Business)报道称，该学院2013年毕业的班级中，28%为少数民族，但仅有10%为非洲裔美国人、拉美裔美国人和印第安人。在卡耐基梅隆大学泰珀商学院(Carnegie Mellon University's Tepper School of Business)，少数民族和未被充分代表的少数民族的占比分别为27%和9%，耶鲁大学管理学院(Yale School of Management)的这一比率分别为25%和7%。



B-school diversity can lag behind that of other graduate programs, such as medical and law schools, according to enrollment data from various schools.


从不同学院的学生注册信息来看，相比医学院和法学院等其它研究生项目，商学院在多元化方面可能要更落后一些。



Groups like MLT, as well as the National Society of Hispanic M.B.A.s, National Black M.B.A. Association and the Consortium help prospective students compilecompetitive applications, prepare for interviews and connect with top schools, and provide some financial aid. MLT's 225 fellows join the group as much as a year before actually applying to business school, Mr. Rice says.


像MLT、全美拉美裔MBA社团(National Society of Hispanic M.B.A.s)、全美黑人MBA协会(National Black M.B.A. Association)和管理专业研究生联合会等团体，帮助有潜力的学生编写具备竞争力的申请材料、准备面试、与顶尖的学校联系以及提供财政资助。莱斯说，MLT的225名学员在加入MLT长达一年后才会开始去申请商学院。



Often minority applicants, even those with stellar credentials, aren't confident in their ability to gain acceptance to top programs, says Scott Shrum, director of M.B.A. admissions research at Veritas Prep, a firm that advises business-school applicants. That is in part due to the dearth of role models who have successfully completed business school, Mr. Shrum says.


商学院申请咨询公司Veritas Prep的MBA招生研究主任西莱姆(Scott Shrum)说，少数民族申请者即便资历优秀，也常常对自己能否被顶尖商学院录取表示怀疑。这部分也因为他们缺乏成功申请到商学院的榜样。



'Sometimes they need a little more coaxing to actually pull the trigger' and apply, he says.


他说，"有时候他们需要一点劝诱才能真的下决定，"然后去申请。



But applicants who get such coaching fare well: Mr. Rice of MLT says upward of 90% of his fellows are accepted to at least one school, with success rates two to three times as high as the general applicant pool.


但接受了此类培训的申请者进展更为顺利：MLT的莱斯说，MLT超过90%的学员至少收到了一所学校的录取通知书，成功率是普通申请人群的两至三倍。



Another major barrier to entry is cost. Manny Gonzalez, CEO of the National Society of Hispanic M.B.A.s, says that population in particular sees financing a degree as a major obstacle. And while most of these groups provide scholarship aid, the awards tend to be fairly small. The Robert Toigo Foundation, for example, offers its 50 to 60 fellows an annualscholarship of $2,500. Nancy Sims, president and chief executive of the finance-industry organization, calls it 'a symbolic recognition' of their participation.


少数民族申请者入读MBA的另一个主要壁垒就是学费。全美拉美裔MBA社团的首席执行长冈萨雷斯(Manny Gonzalez)说，特别对少数民族申请者而言，完成学位需要的资金是一个主要障碍。虽然这些组织大部分都提供奖学金资助，但奖金额度相当低。如金融业内组织罗伯特托伊戈基金会(Robert Toigo Foundation)为其50至60名学员提供每年2,500美元的奖学金。该基金会总裁兼首席执行长希姆斯(Nancy Sims)称这份奖学金是对他们参与申请的"一个象征性肯定"。



Melissa Korn


Copyright © 2023 Qeto All rights reserved.
商务合作 | 联系我们 | 关于我们 | 版权声明 | 隐私条款 | 如果智培

京ICP备05059198号-1 京公网安备 11011202003401号