By BBC Science reporter Matt McGrath

媒体英语会带大家一起学习BBC撰稿人在报道世界大事时常用到的单词和短语。

今年的诺贝尔物理学奖授予了华人科学家高锟，以及两名美国科学家韦拉德-博伊尔 (Willard Boyle) 和乔治-史密斯 (George Smith)。瑞典科学院说这三位科学家对光导纤维在通讯上应用的基本原理和半导体成像器件的研究奠定了发展当代网络社会的基础。

The Nobel Foundation said the work of all three of this year's physics laureates was groundbreaking. Without their research, modern communications technology including digital cameras and the internet might not exist.

Charles Kao was born in Shanghai but worked in Britain where in 1966 he developed the idea of transmitting light over long distances using optical glass fibres. Today these fibre cables carry much of the world's data and telephony traffic.

The other half of the prize has been shared between Willard Boyle and George Smith, who invented a device to capture images called a charge-coupled device or CCD. This has become the electronic eye of digital cameras and is used in many medicalapplications as well.

Willard Boyle explained how his invention had impacted him personally:

"I guess the most important part of our invention that affected me personally was when the Mars probe was on the surface of Mars and it used a camera like ours, and it would not have been possible without our invention. And we saw for the first time the surface of Mars.

I was sitting in my own little house and here I could move around on the surface of Mars and see the little stones there, and what it was all about. Very exciting."

The prizes will be awarded at a ceremony in Stockholm on December 10, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death in 1896.

• foundation [faun´deiʃən]   n.建立；基金；地基   (初中英语单词)
• research [ri´sə:tʃ]   n.&vi.调查；探究；研究   (初中英语单词)
• traffic [´træfik]   n.交通，运输   (初中英语单词)
• device [di´vais]   n.装置；器具；策略   (初中英语单词)
• capture [´kæptʃə]   vt.&n.捕获；俘获；夺取   (初中英语单词)
• medical [´medikəl]   a.医学的；医疗的   (初中英语单词)
• invention [in´venʃən]   n.创造；发明；虚构   (初中英语单词)
• ceremony [´seriməni]   n.典礼；礼仪；客气   (初中英语单词)
• reporter [ri´pɔ:tə]   n.报告人；记者；广播员   (高中英语单词)
• personally [´pə:sənəli]   ad.亲自；就个人来说   (高中英语单词)
• anniversary [,æni´və:səri]   n.周年纪念(日)   (英语四级单词)
• affected [ə´fektid]   a.做作的；假装的   (英语六级单词)