Chūnwàng
                                                                                                                                       春望

                                             Dù Fǔ （Táng）
                                             作者：杜甫（唐）

                               Guó pò shān-hé zài, chéng chūn cǎo-mù shēn.
                         国破山河在，城春草木深。

                               Gǎn shí huā jiàn lèi, hèn bié niǎo jīngxīn.
                         感时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心。

                               Fēnghuǒ lián sān yuè, jiāshū dǐ wàn jīn.
                         烽火连三月，家书抵万金。

                               Báitóu sāo gèng duǎn, hún yù bú shēng zān.
                                 白头搔更短，浑欲不胜簪。

诗词解析

        这首诗的作者，是唐代著名诗人杜甫。写这首诗时，唐代的都城长安已经被叛军占领。
        诗的大意是：国家早已破碎，依然如旧的是那些山山水水；春天也已来临，废弃的城池里荒草遍地、树木成荫。见到花开，听到鸟鸣，只让我双泪涟涟，更觉伤心，因为我感伤当下发生的变故，更怨恨与亲人离别、四处飘零的生活。一连数月，战事不绝，若能收到家里的来信，简直像得到了万两黄金。我满头的白发抓挠得越来越稀、越来越短，这样下去，就会连发簪都插不上了。
        春天本来是一个美好的季节，可因为连年的战乱，诗人不仅没有因为春天的美景感到喜悦，反而因为感叹国家的命运，思念家乡的亲人而产生了感伤、怨恨的心情。

 The author of this poem is the famous Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu. At the time of writing, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, Chang'an, was already captured by rebel forces.

The gist of the poem is: The nation is in ruins; the mountains and rivers remain the same. Spring is here already, and the abandoned city is overgrown with wild grass and trees. Seeing the flowers, hearing the birdsong only brings me more sorrow and tears. My heart breaks over this calamity, and I cannot bear to be separated from my family and wandering adrift. The battle has been raging on for many months and receiving a letter from home would be as precious as ten thousand liang gold. My white hair has been scratched thin and short, and soon will not be able to hold a hairpin.

Spring should be a beautiful season, but because of the ongoing war, the spring scenery brings the poet no joy. In fact, it evokes sorrow and resentment because the poet mourns the fate of his nation and yearns for his family back home.

词语注释  

叛军：(pànjūn) n.  rebel forces
破碎：(pòsuì) v.  disintegrated
城池：(chéngchí) n.  city wall and moat
荒草：(huāngcǎo) n.  weeds
感伤：(gǎnshāng) adj.  sentimental
怨恨：(yuànhèn) n.  grudge
发簪：(fàzān) n.  hairpin
战乱：(zhànluàn) n.  chaos caused by war 

• writing [´raitiŋ]   n.书写；写作；书法   (初中英语单词)
• seeing [si:iŋ]   see的现在分词 n.视觉   (高中英语单词)
• hearing [´hiəriŋ]   n.听力；听证会；审讯   (高中英语单词)
• scenery [´si:nəri]   n.舞台布景   (高中英语单词)
• resentment [ri´zentmənt]   n.不满；怨恨；忿恨   (高中英语单词)
• grudge [grʌdʒ]   vt.&n.吝啬；怨恨   (高中英语单词)
• dynasty [´dinəsti]   n.王朝；朝代   (英语四级单词)
• calamity [kə´læmiti]   n.灾害，大灾难   (英语四级单词)
• sentimental [,senti´mentl]   a.感伤的；多愁善感的   (英语四级单词)
• abandoned [ə´bændənd]   a.被抛弃的；无约束的   (英语六级单词)