Part　II　Reading　Comprehension　(35　minutes)

Directions:There　are　four　reading　passages　in　this　part.　Each　passage　is　followed　by　some　questions.　For　each　question　there　are　four　suggested　answers　marked　A,B,C　and　D,　you　should　choose　the　One　best　answer　and　blacken　the　corresponding　letter　on　the　ANSWER　SHEET　with　a　pencil.　
Passage　1

　　Legal　and　accounting　firms　throughout　Australia　could　streamline　their　advice　to　clients　seeking　a　divorce　with　a　new　expert　program　that　"thinks"　like　Family　Court　judges.

　　　The　software　package,　appropriately　called　"Split　UP"　was　developed　by　Dr.　John　Zeleznikow　and　a　team　of　researchers　in　La　Trobe　University's　Department　of　Computer　Science.

　　　It　is　the　first　in　the　world　designed　to　weigh　up　court　judgments　in　previous　cases　to　predict　the　way　property　would　be　divided　for　a　particular　divorce　if　proceeded　to　court.

　　　While　anyone　can　get　a　divorce,　the　rules　on　the　division　of　property　are　up　to　the　judge.　Deciding　who　gets　what　is　a　complex　procedure　based　on　future　needs　and　past　contributions.

　　　Split　up,　which　can　be　installed　on　any　PC,　asks　a　sequence　of　relevant　questions　about　the　health,　work　history,　children,　property　and　future　needs　of　the　partners　in　a　divorce.　It　then　decides　what　percentage　allocation　to　each　partner　would　be　in　court　and　provides　a　series　of　arguments　in　favour　of　the　decision.

　　　Its　major　advantage,　says　Dr.　Zeleznikow,　is　that　people　are　less　likely　to　litigate　once　they　know　the　likely　court　outcome.　"Let's　say　the　program　predicts　that　each　partner　will　get　$250　000　from　a　property　settlement.　If　they　go　to　court　the　cost　to　each　could　be　$　50　000　to　litigate.　This　is　a　powerful　incentive　to　negotiate　instead."　

　　The　La　Trobe　research　team　has　attracted　international　attention　for　its　devleopment　of　systems　which　can　reason　with　both　statutes　(rules)　and　precedents　(cases).　The　systems　are　being　used　in　fields　which　include　legal　aid　and　credit　law.　　

1.　in　the　passage　means　"previous　cases".
A.　Statutes　
B.　Precedents　
C.　Clients　
D.　Incentives　　

2.　What　is　not　taken　into　consideration　during　a　divorce　case?　
A.　The　family　house.
B.　The　bank　deposit.
C.　The　time　duration　of　the　marriage.
D.　Children's　education.　　

3.　Split　Up　can　do　all　but　.　
A.　to　persuade　the　judge　that　its　decision　is　the　right　one　
B.　to　recall　past　divorce　cases　when　necessary　
C.　to　seek　and　then　process　the　information　it　need　
D.　to　do　complex　calculation　and　reasoning　　

4.　The　second　"it"　in　ParA.　3　refers　to　.　
A.　the　software　
B.　a　previous　case　
C.　the　way　the　property　would　be　divided　
D.　a　particular　divorce　　

5.　What　is　NOT　implied　in　the　passage?　
A.　Family　Law　Court　judges　judge　according　to　both　rules　and　precedents.　
B.　If　the　parties　in　a　divorce　know　they　will　not　profit　from　a　lawsuit,　they　would　settle　outside　the　court.　
C.　There　is　clear-cut　law　on　how　to　divide　property　between　parties　in　a　divorce.　
D.　Split　Up　will　help　reduce　the　number　of　divorce　cases　presented　in　court.　

Passage　2

　　　The　producers　of　instant　coffee　found　their　product　strongly　resisted　in　the　market　places　despite　their　product's　obvious　advantages.　Furthermore,　the　advertising　expenditure　for　instant　coffee　was　far　greater　than　that　for　regular　coffee.　Efforts　were　made　to　find　the　cause　of　the　consumers　seemingly　unreasonable　resistance　to　the　product.　The　reason　given　by　most　people　was　dislike　for　the　taste.　The　producer　suspected　that　there　might　be　deeper　reasons,　however.　This　was　confirmed　by　one　of　motivation　research's　classic　studies,　one　often　cited　in　the　trade.

　　　Mason　Haire,　of　the　University　of　California,　constructed　two　shopping　lists　that　were　identical　except　for　one　item.　There　were　six　items　common　to　both　lists:　hamburger,　carrots,　bread,　baking　powder,　canned　peaches,　and　potatoes,　with　the　brands　or　amounts　specifieD.　The　seventh　item,　in　fifth　place　on　both　lists,　read　"one　pound　Maxwell　House　coffee"　on　the　list　and　"Nescafe　instant　coffee"　on　the　other.　One　list　was　given　to　each　one　in　a　group　of　fifty　women,　and　the　other　list　to　those　in　the　other　group　of　the　same　size.　The　women　were　asked　to　study　their　list　and　then　to　describe,　as　far　as　they　could,　the　kind　of　woman　("personality　and　character")who　would　draw　up　that　shopping　list.　Nearly　half　of　those　who　had　received　the　list　including　instant　coffee　described　a　housewife　who　was　lazy　and　a　poor　planner.　On　the　other　hand,　only　one　woman　in　the　other　group　described　the　housewife,　who　had　included　regular　coffee　on　her　list,　as　lazy;　only　six　of　that　group　suggested　that　she　was　probably　not　a　good　wife.　No　one　in　the　other　group　drew　such　a　conclusion　about　the　housewife　who　intended　to　buy　regular　coffee.　　

6.　In　the　opinion　of　instant　coffee　producers,　.
A.　people　should　buy　regular　coffee
B.　regular　coffee　is　superior　to　instant　coffee
C.　instant　coffee　should　have　a　good　market　because　of　its　obvious　advantages
D.　the　advertising　expenditure　for　regular　coffee　is　very　great　　

7.　In　this　instance,　the　purpose　of　motivation　study　was　to　discover　.
A.　why　there　were　deeper　reasons
B.　why　instant　coffee　did　not　taste　good
C.　why　regular　coffee　was　successful
D.　the　reason　why　people　resisted　instant　coffee　　

8.　The　list　on　which　"Nescafe　instant　coffee"　was　written　as　an　item　was　given　to　a　group　consisting　of　.
A.　7　people
B.　7　women
C.　14　people
D.　50　women　　

9.　On　the　result　of　this　test,　the　producers　of　instant　coffee　probably　would　advertise　on　TV　to　show　a　.
A.　lazy　wife　drinking　instant　coffee　
B.　stupid　wife　using　instant　coffee
C.　hard-working　woman　drinking　instant　coffee　
D.　good　wife　using　regular　coffee　　

10.　Which　of　the　following　can　be　inferred　from　the　passage?
A.　It　is　reasonable　for　people　to　resist　instant　coffee.
B.　Advertising　does　not　always　assure　favorable　sales　results.
C.　People　pay　little　attention　to　advertising.
D.　Regular　coffee　has　better　taste　than　instant　coffee.

Passage　3

　　　It　is　a　curious　fact　that　as　we　leave　the　most　impoverished　peoples　of　the　world,　where　the　human　being　with　his　too　few　calories　of　energy　scratches　out　for　himself　a　bare　subsistence,　we　find　the　economic　insecurity　of　the　individual　many　times　multiplieD.　The　solitary　Eskimo,　Bushman,　Indonesian,　Nigerian,　left　to　his　own　devices,　will　survive　a　considerable　time.　Living　close　to　the　soil　or　to　their　animal　prey,　the　peoples　with　the　lowest　standard　of　living　in　the　world　can　sustain　their　own　lives,　at　least　for　a　while,　almost　single-handeD.　With　a　community　numbering　only　a　few　hundred,　they　can　live　indefinitely.　Indeed,　a　very　large　percentage　of　the　human　race　today　lives　in　precisely　such　fashion　-　in　small,　virtually　self-contained　peasant　communities　which　provide　for　their　own　survival　with　a　minimum　of　contact　with　the　outside　worlD.　This　large　majority　of　mankind　suffers　great　poverty,　but　it　also　knows　a　certain　economic　independence.

　　　When　we　turn　to　the　New　Yorker　or　the　Chicagoan,　on　the　other　hand,　we　are　struck　by　exactly　the　opposite　condition,　by　a　prevailing　ease　of　material　life,　coupled　at　the　same　time　by　an　extreme　dependence　of　the　individual　in　his　search　for　the　means　of　existence.　In　the　great　metropolitan　areas　where　most　Americans　live,　we　can　no　longer　imagine　the　solitary　individual　or　the　small　community　surviving,　short　of　robbing　for　food　and　necessities.　The　majority　of　Americans　have　never　grown　food,　caught　game,　raised　meat,　ground　grain　into　flour.　Faced　with　the　challenge　of　clothing　themselves　or　building　their　own　homes,　they　would　be　hopelessly　untrained　and　unprepareD.　Even　to　make　minor　repairs　in　the　machines　which　surround　them,　they　must　call　on　other　members　of　the　community　whose　business　it　is　to　fix　cars,　or　to　repair　plumbing,　or　whatever.　Perhaps,　the　richer　the　nation,　the　more　apparent　is　this　inability　of　its　average　inhabitant　to　survive　unaided　and　alone.　　

11.　Which　is　the　best　title　for　this　passage?
A.　The　Poor　and　the　Rich.
B.　The　Individual　and　the　Society.
C.　The　Division　of　Labor.
D.　The　Making　of　a　Society.　　

12.　"Left　to　his　own　devices"　in　Line　4,　ParA.　1　most　probably　means　.
A.　to　be　left　alone
B.　to　be　left　to　make　plans
C.　to　be　left　to　invent　new　devices
D.　to　be　left　to　devil　　

13.　It　is　most　likely　to　find　people　like　Robinson　Crusoe　
A.　in　great　metropolitan　area
B.　in　a　large　community
C.　in　modern　America
D.　near　the　North　Pole　　

14.　Which　of　the　following　is　indicated　in　the　passage?
A.　Modern　American　society　is　a　self-contained　society.
B.　Division　of　labor　improves　efficiency.
C.　The　survival　ability　of　a　man　is　decided　by　the　degree　of　his　dependence　on　others.
D.　A　man　living　alone　will　survive　longer　than　a　man　living　in　a　small　community.　　

15.　One　can　NOT　make　a　living　in　modern　America　by　.
A.　buying　things　one　need　from　stores
B.　hiring　the　services　of　others
C.　robbing　others　of　food　and　necessities
D.　learning　to　do　things　all　by　oneself　

Passage　4

　　　If　women　are　mercilessly　exploited　year　after　year,　they　have　only　themselves　to　blame.　Because　they　tremble　at　the　thought　of　being　seen　in　public　in　clothes　that　are　out　of　fashion,　they　are　always　taken　advantage　of　by　the　designers　and　the　big　stores.　Clothes　which　have　been　worn　only　a　few　times　have　to　be　put　aside　because　of　the　change　of　fashion.　When　you　come　to　think　of　it,　only　a　woman　is　capable　of　standing　in　front　of　a　wardrobe　packed　full　of　clothes　and　announcing　sadly　that　she　has　nothing　to　wear.

　　　Changing　fashions　are　nothing　more　than　the　intentional　creation　of　waste.　Many　women　spend　vast　sums　of　money　each　year　to　replace　clothes　that　have　hardly　been　worn.　Women　who　cannot　afford　to　throw　away　clothing　in　this　way,　waste　hours　of　their　time　altering　the　dresses　they　have.　Skirts　are　lengthened　or　shortened;　neck-lines　are　lowered　or　raised,　and　so　on.

　　　No　one　can　claim　that　the　fashion　industry　contributes　anything　really　important　to　society.　Fashion　designers　are　rarely　concerned　with　vital　things　like　warmth,　comfort　and　durability.　They　are　only　interested　in　outward　appearance　and　they　take　advantage　of　the　fact　that　women　will　put　up　with　any　amount　of　discomfort,　as　long　as　they　look　right.　There　can　hardly　be　a　man　who　hasn't　at　some　time　in　his　life　smiled　at　the　sight　of　a　woman　shaking　in　a　thin　dress　on　a　winter　day,　or　delicately　picking　her　way　through　deep　snow　in　high-heeled　shoes.

　　　When　comparing　men　and　women　in　the　matter　of　fashion,　the　conclusions　to　be　drawn　are　obvious.　Do　the　constantly　changing　fashions　of　women's　clothes,　one　wonders,　reflect　basic　qualites　of　inconstancy　and　instability?　Men　are　too　clever　to　let　themselves　be　cheated　by　fashion　designers.　Do　their　unchanging　styles　of　dress　reflect　basic　qualities　of　stability　and　reliability?　That　is　for　you　to　decide.　　

16.　Designers　and　big　stores　always　make　money　.
A.　by　mercilessly　exploiting　women　workers　in　the　clothing　industry
B.　because　they　are　capable　of　predicting　new　fashions
C.　by　constantly　changing　the　fashions　in　women's　clothing　
D.　because　they　attach　great　importance　to　quality　in　women's　clothing　　

17.　To　the　writer,　the　fact　that　women　alter　their　old　-fashioned　dresses　is　seen　as　.　
A.　a　waste　of　money　
B.　a　waste　of　time
C.　an　expression　of　taste
D.　an　expression　of　creativity　　

18.　The　writer　would　be　less　critical　if　fashion　designers　placed　more　stress　on　the　of　clothing.　
A.　cost
B.　appearance
C.　comfort
D.　suitability　　

19.　According　to　the　passage,　which　of　the　following　statements　is　TRUE?
A.　New　fashions　in　clothing　are　created　for　the　commercial　exploitation　of　women.　
B.　The　constant　changes　in　women's　clothing　reflect　their　strength　of　character.
C.　The　fashion　industry　makes　an　important　contribution　to　society.
D.　Fashion　designs　should　not　be　encouraged　since　they　are　only　welcomed　by　women.

20.　By　saying　"the　conclusions　to　be　drawn　are　obvious"(paragraph　4),　the　writer　means　that　.
A.　women's　inconstancy　in　their　choice　of　clothing　if　often　laughed　at　
B.　women　are　better　able　to　put　up　with　discomfort
C.　men　are　also　exploited　greatly　by　fashion　designers
D.　men　are　more　reasonable　in　the　matter　of　fashion　

Part　III　Vocabulary　and　Structure　(20　minutes)　

Directions:　There　are　30　incomplete　sentences　in　this　part.　For　each　sentence　there　are　four　choices　marked　A.,　B.,　C.　and　D..　Choose　the　ONE　answer　that　best　completes　the　sentence.　Then　mark　the　corresponding　letter　on　the　Answer　Sheet　with　a　single　line　through　the　centre.　　

21.　Enquires　the　condition　of　patients　may　be　made　personally　or　by　telephone.
A.　revealing　
B.　concerning　
C.　affecting　
D.　containing　　

22.　The　king's　order　has　been　very　well　.
A.　put　to　rights　
B.　put　through
C.　put　into　effect　
D.　put　forth　　

23.　The　child　disturbed　the　class.
A.　continuously
B.　continually
C.　considerably
D.　contrarily　　

24.　Something　that　is　is　not　relevant　to　the　subject　that　you　are　considering　or　discussing.
A.　out　of　place　
B.　in　no　case　
C.　to　the　point　
D.　beside　the　point　　

25.　Some　days　go　by　much　more　quickly　than　others.　Some　hours　seem　as　if　they　.
A.　would　never　end　
B.　will　never　end
C.　might　never　end　
D.　should　never　end　　

26.　His　ignorance　of　the　best　ways　of　investing　in　the　stock　market　brought　him　on　the　of　ruin.
A.　bank　
B.　peak　
C.　edge　
D.　break　　

27.　As　more　and　more　facts　were　revealed,　the　conclusion　became　.
A.　apparent　
B.　visible　
C.　logical　
D.　reasonable　　

28.　He　declined　the　invitation　partly　because　he　was　busy　and　.
A.　for　lack　of　money　
B.　partly　because　his　lack　of　money
C.　partly　because　he　lacked　money　
D.　partly　his　lack　of　money　　

29.　There　was　a　good　of　the　countryside　from　the　front　of　the　bus.
A.　sight　
B.　view　
C.　look　
D.　scenery　　

30.　The　Smiths　have　bought　a　vase　in　the　department　store.
A.　beautiful　large　green　Chinese　
B.　green　large　beautiful　Chinese　
B.　beautiful　green　large　Chinese
D.　Chinese　large　green　beautiful　　

31.　money,　he　is　quite　rich,　but　this　does　not　mean　he　is　happy.
A.　As　to　
B.　In　terms　of　
C.　Concerning　
D.　In　the　light　of　　

32.　We　must　that　the　telegram　arrives　in　time.
A.　assure　
B.　endure　
C.　ensure　
D.　secure　　

33.　Let　me　take　this　to　thank　you　publicly　for　all　you　have　done　for　our　company.
A.　occasion　
B.　chance　
C.　opportunity
D.　occurrence　　

34.　When　Jane　fell　off　the　bike,　the　other　children　.
A.　were　not　able　to　help　laughing　
B.　could　not　help　but　laughing
C.　could　not　help　laughing　
D.　could　not　help　laugh　　

35.　In　order　to　be　issued　a　passport,　one　must　either　present　legal　documents　or　call　a　witness　to　give　concerning　one's　identity.
A.　reference　
B.　evidence　
C.　indication　
D.　confidence　　

36.　Peter　will　what　his　parents　expect　of　him.
A.　watch　out　for　
B.　live　up　to　
C.　stand　up　to　
D.　get　along　with　　

37.　There　are　many　on　the　scene　of　the　accident.
A.　lookers-on　
B.　lookers-ons　
C.　looker-ons　
D.　looker-on　　

38.　I　don't　care　we　are　invited　to　the　dinner.
A.　if　or　not　
B.　whether　or　not
C.　what　
D.　that　　

39.　The　country　has　a　system　of　,　most　of　which　date　from　19th　century.
A.　channels　
B.　rivers　
C.　streams　
D.　canals　　

40.　The　experience　might　be　very　to　her.
A.　thankful
B.　thoughtful
C.　helpful　
D.　successful　　

41.　Watt　carefully　what　was　happening　at　the　time.
A.　objected
B.　attempted
C.　delivered
D.　observed　　

42.　That　famous　actor　seems　content　to　play　a　minor　in　the　play.
A.　part　
B.　act　
C.　character　
D.　player　　

43.　Recently　there　has　been　a　great　for　small　cars　that　use　little　petrol.
A.　claim　
B.　application　
C.　request　
D.　demand　　

44.　The　school　authority　doesn't　permit　on　campus.
A.　demonstrate　
B.　to　demonstrate　
C.　to　hold　a　demonstration
D.　demonstrating　　

45.　The　class　had　a　short　break,　then　the　teacher　his　lecture.
A.　proceeded　
B.　proceeded　to　
C.　proceeded　from
D.　proceeded　with　　

46.　To　take　no　notice　of　something　is　to　it.
A.　forget
B.　ignore
C.　refuse
D.　lose　sight　of　　

47.　The　reason　she　failed　in　the　exam　was　.
A.　that　she　hadn't　worked　hard
B.　because　she　hadn't　worked　hard　
C.　why　she　hadn't　worked　hard
D.　because　she　was　too　careless　　

48.　Next　time　I　catch　you　,　I'll　turn　you　in　to　the　police.
A.　stealing　from　others'　pockets
B.　steal　from　other's　pockets　
C.　stealing　other's　pockets
D.　to　steal　from　other's　pockets　　

49.　external　appearances　are　concerned,　radioactive　materials　do　not　look　different　from　other　substances.
A.　As　far　as　
B.　As　good　as　
C.　As　soon　as　
D.　As　well　as　　

50.　The　children　are　opposed　to　without　their　uncle.
A.　have　a　party　
B.　have　held　a　party
C.　take　part　in　a　party　
D.　having　a　party