Unit 1

Nobel Prizes are awarded each year to people, 1 nationality, who have made valuable 2 to the "good of humanity". In his 3 , the Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel directed that the income from his $ 9-million estate 4 to fund five annual prizes. The awards are given for the most important discoveries or inventions in the 5 of physics, chemistry, and physiology or medicine; the most distinguished literary 6 of an idealistic nature; and the most effective work in the interest of international peace. The prizes were first 7 in1901. A sixth prize-the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences 8 Alfred Nobel ­- was first 9 in1969. This prize was established by the Bank of Sweden and is 10 by the bank. In 1996, the 11 of each of the six prizes was about $1,100,000.

A candidate may not 12 directly for a prize. A qualified person must submit each name in 13 . For the literary prize, the Swedish Academy considers only works that 14 inprint. The academy usually selects an author for his or her complete work 15 for one book. The organizations that award the prizes 16 15 deputies who 17 aboard of directors. The board holds office for two years and 18 the funds. Prize winners 19 their awards on December 10, the 20 of the death of Alfred Nobel. Sometimes, prizes are not awarded or are awarded in a later year.

1. A) with respect to B) in line with C) with reference to D) regardless of

2. A) deeds B) endeavor C) contributions D)achievements

3. A) life B) will C) writing D) dream

4. A) be used B) will be used C) to be used D)would be used

5. A) formats B) fields C) grounds D) aspects

6. A) book B) art C) work D) piece

7. A) opened B) handed over C) made D) presented

8. A) in memory of B) by name of C) in regard to D) in name of

9. A) rewarded B) offered C) awarded D) bestowed

10. A) represented B) found C) named D) funded

11. A) value B) worth C) price D) merit

12. A) be valid B) be awarded C) apply D) submit

13. A) English B) writing C) speech D) works

14. A) has opened B) has turned out C) have appeared D)have been known

15. A) either B) or rather C) instead D) rather than

16. A) appoint B) advice C) present D) persuade

17. A) make B) elect C) call D) choose

18. A) governs B) conducts C) administers D) organizes

19. A) accept B) collect C) entertain D) receive

20. A) anniversary B) birthday C) year D) centenary

Unit 2

People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it. Most Americans have 1 been out of the country and have very 2 experience with foreigners. But they are usually friendly and open, and 3 meeting new people, having guests and bringing people together formally or 4 . They tend to use first names in most 5 and speak freely about themselves. 6 if your American hosts do something that makes you 7 , try to let them know how you feel. Most people will 8 your honesty and try 9 you uncomfortable again. 10 you'll all learn something about another culture!

Many travelers find it 11 to meet people in the U. S. than in other countries. They may just 12 and introduce themselves or even invite you 13 before they really know you. Sometimes Americans are said to be 14 friendly. Perhaps it seems so, but they are probably just 15 . Just 16 anywhere else, it takes time to become 17 friends with people in the U. S.

If and when you 18 American friends, they will probably enjoy 19 you to their friends and family, and if they seem proud 20 you, it's probably because they are, relax and enjoy it!

1. A) ever B) never C) often D) sometimes

2. A) few B) a few C) little D) a little

3. A) dislike B) avoid C) hate D) enjoy

4. A) informally B) intimate C) incompetently D) indirectly

5. A) occasions B) situations C) moments D) instant

6. A) And B) So C) But D) Meanwhile

7. A) at ease B) comfortable C) pleasant D) uncomfortable

8. A) confirm B) praise C) appreciate D) criticize

9. A) not let B) letting C) not to make D) to not made

10. A) Thus B) Then C) And D) But

11. A) easier B) harder C) happier D) simpler

12. A) come to B) come through C) come up with D) come up

13. A) over B) at C) in D) round

14. A) naturally B) superficially C) heartily D) extremely

15. A) killing time B) having a good time C) enjoying D) enjoying himself

16. A) as B) different C) like D) unlike

17. A) real B) true C) actual D) loyal

18. A) live with B) stay with C) stay away from D) are helpful to

19. A) inviting B) introducing C) lead D) being acquainted

20. A) to recognize B) to have known C) of recognizing D) of knowing

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Unit 3

To find out what the weather is going to be, many people go straight to the radio, television or newspaper to get an expert weather forecast. But 1 you know what to look for, you can use your own 2 to make your weather 3 .

There are many 4 that can help you. For example, in fair weather the air pressure is 5 low. The air is still and often full of dust. Far away objects may look 6 . But when a storm is gathering, the pressure 7 and you are often able to see things more clearly. Sailors 8 of this long ago and came 9 with a saying "The farther the sight, the nearer the rain".

Your sense of 10 can also help you detect weather changes. Just 11 it rains, odors become stronger. This is 12 odors are suppressed in a fair, high-pressure center. When a bad weather low 13 , air pressure lessens and smells are 14 .

You can also 15 an approaching storm. Sounds 16 heavy storm clouds and return to earth with force. An old saying describes it 17 : "Sound traveling far and wide, a stormy day will come."

And don't laugh if your grandmother says she can 18 astorm coming. It is commonly known that many people feel pains in their bones when the humidity 19 , the pressure drops, and bad weather is on the 20 .

1. A) unless B) if C) as D) though

2. A) experiences B) ways C) senses D) feelings

3. A) broadcast B) plans C) prediction D) statement

4. A) forms B) signals C) expressions D) signs

5. A) ordinarily B) unusually C) commonly D) generally

6. A) misty B) small C) clear D) big

7. A) rises B) drops C) increases D) descends

8. A) took care B) took note C) got hold D) made sense

9. A) up B) over C) upon D) on

10. A) touch B) taste C) smell D) sight

11. A) when B) as C) after D) before

12. A) why B) because C) how D) hence

13. A) moves away B) takes up C) moves in D) takes in

14. A) released B) controlled C) checked D) roused

15. A) learn B) see C) hear D) look

16. A) jump up B) jump down C) bounce in D) bounce off

17. A) as meaning B) following C) this way D) that is

18. A) see B) hear C) feel D) tell

19. A) falls B) grows C) drops D) rises

20. A) way B) march C) road D) moving

Unit 4

We all know that it is possible for ordinary people to make their homes on the equator(赤道), although often they may feel 1 hot there. Millions do it. But 2 the North Pole-we know that it is not only a dangerously cold place, but that people like you and me would find it quite 3 to live there. At the present time only the scientists and explorers can do 4 , and they use special equipment. Men 5 across and around the equator on wheels. 6 their feet or in ships for thousands of years; but only 7 men, with great difficulty and in very recent time, have ever crossed the ice to the North Pole. So it may 8 you to learn that, when traveling 9 , it is really safer to fly over the North Pole 10 over the equator. Of course, this is not true 11 landings in the polar region (which passenger aeroplanes do not make), but the weather, if we are flying at a 12 of 5,000 metres above the Pole, is a delight. At 4,000 metres and more 13 the earth you can always be sure that you will not see a cloud in the sky as 14 the eye can reach. In the tropics(热带), on the other hand, you are not certain to keep 15 bad weather even at such heights as 18,000 metres.

Aeroplanes can't climb as 16 as or as quickly in cold air as in warm. 17 can clouds. In practice, this is an advantage 18 the aeroplane, which is already at a good height 19 it reaches the polar region and so does not need to climb, 20 at the same time cold air keeps the clouds down low.

1. A) comfortably B) uncomfortably C) discomfort D) comfort

2. A) to B) for C) as for D) of

3. A) impossible B) possible C) capable D) able

4. A) it B) so C) this D) all

5. A) traveled B) had traveled C) was traveling D) have been traveling

6. A) On B) By C) With D) Under

7. A) many B) much C) a few D) few

8. A) be pleased B) surprise C) please D)be surprised

9. A) in space B) under the sea C) by ship D) by air

10. A) than B) that C) to D) from

11. A) of B) for C) about D) from

12. A) distance B) length C) place D) height

13. A) over B) above C) under D) below

14. A) far as B) long as C) soon as D) good as

15. A) in touch with B) record of C) clear of D) up with

16. A) height B) high C) far D) soon

17. A) Nor B) So C) Either D) Neither

18. A) for B) over C) from &nbs
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