科目 英语

　　年级 高一

　　文件　high1 unit25.doc

　　标题 unit25

　　章节 第二十五单元

　　关键词

　　内容

　　一.目的与要求：掌握本单元出现的单词和词组。如：repeat, funny, lady, joke, attention, unable, world－famous, introduction, college, note, organize, medical, attend, organizer, gentleman, suppose, earn, conference, expert, throat, sent out, get through, ring back, out of breath, make up等。

　　二.学会本单元出现的日常交际用语。

　　Can you ring up ...? The line is busy. Could I speak to ..., please ?

　　Can I take a message ? Can you ask ...to ring me back, please ?

　　I can't get through. I'll try again later, Hold on please.

　　This is ...speaking. I'll ask ...to call you.

　　三.本单元知识重点与难点分析：

　　1.在"1 Dialogue"中有这样一段对话：

　　Mary：What a lot of informations to send out !

　　要发出去的请柬可真多呀！

　　Lizzy：Yes, there must be over two hundred here.

　　是的，这儿想必有200多份。

　　句中的"must"作"想必"、"准是"、"一定"解，用来表示我们对某事有把握的推论或揣测。虽然句中must也可用may来代替，但must语气更为肯定。例如：

　　They must be very tired now, for they have been working the whole morning.

　　他们现在一定是非常累了，因为他们整个上午都在工作。

　　I often meet him in this street. He must live quite near here.

　　我经常在这条街上碰到他。想必他就住在附近。

　　"Can you tell me where LiLi is ""He must be is the teachers office."

　　你能告诉我李立在哪儿吗？ 他肯定是在老师办公室。

　　must表示推测的这种用法通常用在肯定句中，在疑问句中常用can(可能)，在否定句中常用can'+(不可能，不会是)，而不用mustn't。例如：

　　Somebody is knocking at the door. Who can it be ? It must be Wang Hong.

　　No, It can't be Wang Hong, because she left for Shanghai this morning.

　　有人在敲门。会是谁呢？一定是王红。不，不会是王红，因为她今天早晨就动身去上海了。

　　That can't be the postman───it's only seven o'clock.

　　那不会是邮递员──现在才7点钟呢。

　　She must be a professor. No, she can't be a professor-she is so young.

　　她一定是个教授。不，她不可能是个教授──她还这么年青。

　　2."An invitation to the 199...Medical Conference in London."

　　"一份邀请参加199 年在伦敦召开的医学大会的请柬。"

　　1)在"the 199...Medical Conference"中的年份用了省略号，这是留给教师上课时灵活处理的，如是1997年上这一课，你就把7填上；如果是1998年上这一课，你就把8填上，依此类推。

　　2)注意"invitation"的搭配：

　　A.和动词的搭配

　　accept an invitation接受邀请

　　give sb an invitation邀请某人

　　receive an invitation收到请贴/接到邀请

　　refuse sb's invitation拒绝某人的邀请

　　send out an invitation发出请贴/邀请

　　B.和介词的搭配

　　at the invitation of sb应某人的邀请

　　an invitation to(an activity)参加(某种活动)的邀请。

　　an invitation from sb来自某人的邀请。

　　例如：I received an invitation from Peter to his birthday party.

　　我收到皮特请我去参加他生日聚会的请帖。

　　Mr Baker accepted the invitation to the Medical Conference.

　　贝克先生接受了去参加医学大会的邀请。

　　Mr Martin refused Mary's invitation to her wedding.

　　马丁先生拒绝了玛丽请他参加她的婚礼的邀请。

　　She sent out many invitations to her wedding but she hasn't received any reply to them.

　　她发出了许多参加她婚礼的请柬，但还没有收到任何答复。

　　3. Dr Baker replied to the invitation, accepting it.

　　贝克博士答复了请柬，接受了邀请。

　　1)"accepting it "是现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随动作，相当于"and accepted it "。

　　例如：

　　The children entered the classroom, singing and dancing.

　　孩子们唱着、跳着，走进了教室。 (表示伴随状态)

　　He ran up to us breathing heavily.他气喘吁吁地向我的跑来。(表示伴随状态)

　　The boss went to see Mr King, praising him for his excellent work.(......，and wondered why he had been invited)贝克博士躺在床上，对于为什么他会受到邀请，心里感到很纳闷。

　　2)注意accept和receive的区别：

　　receive作"收到"解，只表示客观上"收到某物"，而accept作"接受"解，表示主观上"乐意接受某物"，如果说："I received an invitation."则表示"我接受了邀请"，我准备去。例如：

　　He received the gift, but he didn't accept it .他收到了礼物，但是他没有接受。

　　I have received an invitation from Peter. Shall I accept it or refuse it ?

　　我收到了皮特的请柬，我是接受还是拒绝呢？

　　3)reply在句中用作不及物动词，作"回答"解，常用reply to sb/sth，表示"对......作出回答"，作及物动词时，是"答道"，"回答说"的意思，后跟直接引语或宾语从句。作名词时，作"回答"、"回信"、"答复"解，例如：

　　She cried, but didn't reply.她哭了，但不回答。

　　Please reply to my question at once.请立刻回答我的问题。

　　"Certainly, not "she replied."当然不行"她答道。

　　He replied that he didn't know the secret.他回答说，他不知道这个秘密。

　　She didn't lift her head, and made no reply.她头也不抬，也不回答。

　　answer和reply都可用作及物动词，作"回答"解，但answer可跟名词作宾语而reply只能跟直接引语或宾语从句，如跟名词，reply后须加to。例如：

　　Can you answer my question ?你能回答我的问题吗？(也可说Can you reply to my question?)

　　4.If Dr Baker is in the hall, will he please make himself known to me ?

　　如果贝克博士在会场的话，请他向我自我介绍一下好吗？

　　make oneself known to sb. 意思是"向某人作自我介绍"。例如：

　　They are all my friends. Will you please make yourself known to them ?

　　他们都是我的朋友。请你向他们自我介绍一下好吗？

　　5.Would you mind giving a talk today about DNA ?

　　能不能请你今天作一个关于DNA的报告？

　　"Would you mind doing sth."是一个日常交际用语，表示礼貌地提出请求。例如：

　　Would you mind opening the window ?请你把窗户打开好吗？

　　Would you mind fetching me some water, please ?请你给我打点水来好吗？

　　Would you mind sending him a message for me ?请你帮我带个口信给他好吗？

　　6.You must be joking !你一定是在开玩笑吧！

　　must表示推测，作"一定""想必"解。must后用现在进行时be joking，表示此刻正在进行的动作。例如：

　　Where are they ? They must be playing football on the playground now.

　　他们在哪儿呢？他们一定是正在操场上踢足球了。

　　It's ready seven o'clock. She must be waiting for you in her house now.

　　已经7点，她肯定是正在家里等你呢。

　　7.That may be so.这是有可能的。

　　情态动词"may"在句中作"可能"解，也具有推测的含义，但语气不像must那样肯定。例如：

　　He may be right.他可能是对的。

　　They may come here tomorrow.他们明天可能会到这里来。

　　She may be still waiting for us.她可能还在等我们呢。(比较：She must be still waiting for us.他一定还在等我们。)

　　8."There must be some mistake,"said Dr Baker.贝克博士说，"准是出了什么差错了。"

　　句中some作"某一个"解，常用在单数普通名词前，表示未知的，或说话者不愿特别说明的人、地、物等。例如：

　　Some man at the door is asking to see you.门口有人要见你。

　　She won a competition in some newspaper or other.她在某报举办的比赛中获胜。

　　For some reason she didn't come to school yesterday.由于某种原因，她昨天没来上学。

　　They plan to visit China some time near year.他们计划在明年的某个时候访问中国。

　　He must be living at some place not far from here.

　　他一定是住在离这不远的某个地方

　　9."ENT? What does that stand for ?"asked the organizer.──"Illnesses of the ear, nose and throat..."ENT? 它代表什么？组织者问道。──"代表耳、鼻喉科的疾病......"stand for作"代表"解，本句的完整回答是："It stands for illness of the ear, nose and throat."ENT是ear, nose, throat。3个词的第一个字母组成的缩略语，这种省略语不管是一个字母或多个字母，当其作主语时，都作单数看待，谓语动词要用单数。例如：

　　What does C stand for in"37℃"？──It stands for centigrade.

　　"37℃"中的C代表什么？──代表摄氏(寒暑表)。

　　UN stands for the United Nations. UN代表联合国。

　　10. Dr lively was going to talk on that very subject today.

　　莱芙利博士今天原打算要读的正好是这个题目。

　　1)介词on在句中作"关于"(about )解。例如：

　　Have you any idea on that problem ?关于那个问题，你有什么想法。

　　Dr Baker was asked to give a talk on DNA.

　　贝克博士被邀请做一个有关DNA的报告。

　　I can't agree with you on this point.关于这一点，我不能同意你的意见。

　　2)句中的very是形容词，修饰后面的名词subject，用来加强语气。作"正好"、"就是"解。

　　This is the very thing I need.这正是我需要的东西。

　　He is the very person we are looking for.他正是我们要找的那个人。

　　She determined to go that very afternoon.她决定就在当天下午走。