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Heroes and Hero Worship-Part14_Thomas Carlyle(1795-1881)_English Literature(文学名著)-第2页

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very purest, that ever came out of a human soul.

For the _intense_ Dante is intense in all things; he has got into the



essence of all. His intellectual insight as painter, on occasion too as

reasoner, is but the result of all other sorts of intensity. Morally



great, above all, we must call him; it is the beginning of all. His scorn,

his grief are as transcendent as his love;--as indeed, what are they but



the _inverse_ or _converse_ of his love? "_A Dio spiacenti ed a' nemici

sui_, Hateful to God and to the enemies of God: "lofty scorn, unappeasable



silent reprobation and aversion; "_Non ragionam di lor_, We will not speak

of _them_, look only and pass." Or think of this; "They have not the



_hope_ to die, _Non han speranza di morte_." One day, it had risen sternly

benign on the scathed heart of Dante, that he, wretched, never-resting,



worn as he was, would full surely _die_; "that Destiny itself could not

doom him not to die." Such words are in this man. For rigor, earnestness



and depth, he is not to be paralleled in the modern world; to seek his

parallel we must go into the Hebrew Bible, and live with the antique



Prophets there.

I do not agree with much modern criticism" target="_blank" title="n.批评；评论(文)">criticism, in greatly preferring the



_Inferno_ to the two other parts of the Divine _Commedia_. Such preference

belongs, I imagine, to our general Byronism of taste, and is like to be a



transient feeling. Thc _Purgatorio_ and _Paradiso_, especially the former,

one would almost say, is even more excellent than it. It is a noble thing



that _Purgatorio_, "Mountain of Purification;" an emblem of the noblest

conception of that age. If sin is so fatal, and Hell is and must be so



rigorous, awful, yet in Repentance too is man purified; Repentance is the

grand Christian act. It is beautiful how Dante works it out. The



_tremolar dell' onde_, that "trembling" of the ocean-waves, under the first

pure gleam of morning, dawning afar on the wandering Two, is as the type of



an altered mood. Hope has now dawned; never-dying Hope, if in company

still with heavy sorrow. The obscure sojourn of demons and reprobate is



underfoot; a soft breathing of penitence mounts higher and higher, to the

Throne of Mercy itself. "Pray for me," the denizens of that Mount of Pain



all say to him. "Tell my Giovanna to pray for me," my daughter Giovanna;

"I think her mother loves me no more!" They toil painfully up by that



winding steep, "bent down like corbels of a building," some of

them,--crushed together so "for the sin of pride;" yet nevertheless in



years, in ages and aeons, they shall have reached the top, which is

heaven's gate, and by Mercy shall have been admitted in. The joy too of



all, when one has prevailed; the whole Mountain shakes with joy, and a

psalm of praise rises, when one soul has perfected repentance and got its



sin and misery left behind! I call all this a noble embodiment of a true

noble thought.



But indeed the Three compartments mutually support one another, are

indispensable to one another. The _Paradiso_, a kind of inarticulate music



to me, is the redeeming side of the _Inferno_; the _Inferno_ without it

were untrue. All three make up the true Unseen World, as figured in the



Christianity of the Middle Ages; a thing forever memorable, forever true in

the essence of it, to all men. It was perhaps delineated in no human soul



with such depth of veracity as in this of Dante's; a man _sent_ to sing it,

to keep it long memorable. Very notable with what brief simplicity he



passes out of the every-day reality, into the Invisible one; and in the

second or third stanza, we find ourselves in the World of Spirits; and



dwell there, as among things palpable, indubitable! To Dante they _were_

so; the real world, as it is called, and its facts, was but the threshold



to an infinitely higher Fact of a World. At bottom, the one was as

_preternatural_ as the other. Has not each man a soul? He will not only



be a spirit, but is one. To the earnest Dante it is all one visible Fact;

he believes it, sees it; is the Poet of it in virtue of that. Sincerity, I



say again, is the saving merit, now as always.

Dante's Hell, Purgatory, Paradise, are a symbolwithal, an emblematic



representation of his Belief about this Universe:--some Critic in a future




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