28.It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following presents the greatest danger to a diver?



(A) Pressurized helium

(B) Nitrogen diffusion

(C) Nitrogen bubbles

(D) An air embolism



29.What should a diver do when ascending?



(A) Rise slowly

(B) Breathe faster

(C) Relax completely

(D) Breathe helium.



Question 29-38



Each advance in microscopictechnique has provided

scientists with new perspectives on the function of living

organisms and the nature of matter itself. The invention of the

visible-light microscope late in the sixteenth century introduced a

previously unknown realm of single-celled plants and animals.

In the twentieth century, electron microscopes have provided

direct views of viruses and minuscule surface structures. Now

another type of microscope, one that utilize x-rays rather than

light or electrons, offers a different way of examining tiny

details, it should extend human perception still farther into the

natural world.



The dream of building an x-ray microscope dates to

1895, its development, however, was virtually halted in the

1940 s because the development of the electron microscope

was progressing rapidly. During the 1940 s electron micro-

scopes routinely achieved resolution better than that possible

with a visible-light microscope, while the performance of x-ray

microscopes resisted improvement. In recent years, however,

interest in x-ray microscopes has revived, largely because of

advances such as the development of new sources of x-ray

illumination. As a result, the brightness available today is

millions of times that of x-ray tubes, which, for most of the

century, were the only available sources of soft x-rays.



The new x-ray microscopes considerably improve on the

resolution provided by optical microscopes. They can also be

used to map the distribution of certain chemical elements.

Some can form pictures in extremely short times, others hold

the promise of special capabilities such as three dimensional

imaging. Unlike conventional electron microscopy, x-ray

microscopy enables specimens to be kept in air and in water,

which means that biological samples can be studied under

conditions similar to their natural state. The illumination used,

so-called soft x-rays in the wavelength range of twenty to forty

angstroms (an angstrom is one ten-billionth of a meter), is

also sufficiently penetrating to image intactbiological cells in

many cases. Because of the wavelength of the x-rays used,

soft x-ray microscopes will never match the highest resolution

possible with electron microscopes. Rather, their special pro-

perties will make possible investigations that will complement

those performed with light- and electron-based instruments.



30.What does the passage mainly discuss?



(A) The detail seen through a microscope

(B) Sources of illumination for microscopes

(C) A new kind of microscope

(D) Outdated microscopictechnique



31.According to the passage, the invention of the visible-light microscope allowed scientists to



(A) see viruses directly

(B) develop the electron microscope later on

(C) understand more about the distribution of the chemical elements

(D) discover single celled plants and animals they had never seen before.



32.The word "minuscule" in line 7 is closest in meaning to



(A) circular

(B) dangerous

(C) complex

(D) tiny



33.The word "it" in line 10 refers to



(A) a type of microscope

(B) human perception

(C) the natural world

(D) light



34.Why does the another mention me visible light microscope in the first paragraph?



(A) To begin a discussion of sixteenth century discoveries.

(B) To put the x-ray microscope in historicalperspective

(C) To show how limited its uses are

(D) To explain how it functioned



35.Why did it take so long to develop the x-ray microscope?



(A) Funds for research were insufficient.

(B) The source of illumination was not bright enough until recently.

(C) Materials used to manufacture x-ray tubes were difficult to obtain

(D) X-ray microscopes were too complicated to operate.



36.The word "enables" in line 30 is closest in meaning to



(A) constitutes

(B) specifies

(C) expands

(D) allows



37.The word "Rather" in line 38 is closest in meaning to



(A) significantly

(B) preferably

(C) somewhat

(D) instead



38.The word "those" in line 40 refers to



(A) properties

(B) investigations

(C) microscopes

(D) x-rays



39.Based on the information in the passage, what can be inferred about x-ray microscopes in the future?



(A) They will probably replace electron microscopes altogether.

(B) They will eventually be much cheaper to produce than they are now.

(C) They will provide information not available from other kinds of microscopes.

(D) They will eventually change the illumination range that they now use.



Question 40-50



Perhaps the most striking quality of satiric literature is its

freshness, its originality of perspective. Satire rarely offers

original ideas. Instead it presents the familiar in a new form.

Satirists do not offer the world new philosophies. What they

do is look at familiar conditions from a perspective that makes

these conditions seem foolish, harmful or affected. Satire jars

us out of complacence into a pleasantly shocked realization that

many of the values we unquestioningly accept are false. Don

Quixote makes chivalry seem absurd, Brave New World

ridicules the pretensions of science, A Modest proposal

dramatizes starvation by advocating cannibalism. None of these ideas

is original. Chivalry was suspect before Cervantes, humanists

objected to the claims of pure science before Aldous Huxley

and people were aware of famine before Swift.



It was not the

originality of the idea that made these satires popular. It was

the manner of expression the satiric method that made them

interesting and entertaining. Satires are read because they are

aesthetically satisfying works of art, not because they are

morally wholesome or ethically instructive. They are stimulat-ing and refreshing because with commonsense briskness they

brush away illusions and secondhand opinions. With spontaneous

irreverence, satire rearranges perspectives, scrambles

familiar objects into incongruous juxtaposition and speaks in a

personal idiom instead of abstract platitude.



Satire exists because there is need for it. It has lived

because readers appreciate a refreshingstimulus, an irreverent

reminder that they lived in a world of platitudinous thinking,

cheap moralizing, and foolish philosophy. Satire serves to prod

people into an awareness of truth though rarely to any action

on behalf of truth. Satire tends to remind people that much of

what they see, hear, and read in popular media is sanctimonious,

sentimental, and only partially true. Life resembles in

only a slight degree the popular image of it. Soldiers rarely

hold the ideals that movies attribute to them, nor do ordinary

citizens devote their lives to unselfish service of humanity.

Intelligent people know these things but tend to forget them

when they do not hear them expressed.



40.What does the passage mainly discuss?



(A) Difficulties of writing satiric literature.

(B) Popular topics of satire

(C) New philosophies emerging from satiric literature

(D) Reasons for the popularity of satire.



41.The word "realization" in line 7 is closest in meaning to



(A) certainly

(B) awareness

(C) surprise

(D) confusion



42.Why does the author mention Don Quirote, Brave New World and A Modest Proposal in lines 8-10?



(A) They are famous examples of satiric literature

(B) They present commonsense solutions to problems.

(C) They are appropriate for readers of all ages.

(D) They are books with similar stories.



43.The word "aesthetically" in line 18 is closest in meaning to



(A) artistically

(B) exceptionally

(C) realistically

(D) dependably



44.Which of the following can be found in satire literature?



(A) Newly emerging philosophies

(B) Odd combinations of objects and ideas

(C) Abstract discussion of moral and ethnics

(D) Wholesome characters who are unselfish.



45.According to the passage, there is a need for satire because people need to be



(A) informed about new scientific developments

(B) exposed to original philosophies when they are formulated

(C) reminded that popular ideas are often inaccurate

(D) told how they can be of service to their communities.



46.The word "refreshing" in line 26 is closest in meaning to



(A) popular

(B) ridiculous

(C) meaningful

(D) unusual



47.The word "they" in line 31 refers to



(A) people

(B) media

(C) ideals

(D) movies



48.The word "devote" in line 35 is closest in meaning to



(A) distinguish

(B) feel affection

(C) prefer

(D) dedicate



49.As a result of reading satiric literature, readers will be most likely to



(A) teach themselves to write fiction

(B) accept conventional points of view

(C) become better informed about current affairs

(D) reexamine their opinions and values



50.The various purposes of satire include all of the following EXCEPT



(A) introducing readers to unfamiliar situations

(B) brushing away illusions

(C) reminding readers of the truth

(D) exposing false values.

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