非谓语动词
1、形式：to do ; doing; done
2、主语： to do ; using
no use \ good doing
It is\was useless doing
of little use \ good doing
3、宾语：to do; doing
V + to do : offer ; refuse; wish; intend; dislike---
V + doing : look forward to ; get down to ; have trouble\ difficulty (in) doing
risk; escape; suggest; practice; avoid; mind ; miss (错过)
V + to \ doing
(1) stop
(2) go on
(3) begin \start to do \ doing 当do表示心里活动的时候，用to do
I began to realize the importance of English.
begin start 自身是进行时，用to do
I’m beginning to prepare the lunch.
(4)prefer to do rather than do
prefer doing to doing
continue
(5)remember\ forget
(6) regret
(7) mean
(8) try
(9) allow ; permit ; forbid; advise
(10) like; love; hate
(11) need ; want; require doing\ to be done
The baby needs looking after\ to be looked after
My hair wants cutting\ to be cut.
4、宾语补足语：
to do; doing ; done
see + n + do \ doing
done
省 “to” ：see ; look at ; watch; notice ; observe; have ; make ; let ; hear ; listen to ; feel
make ;let 后面不接doing
get + n + to do
find \ catch\ keep\ leave + n + doing
find the old man lying on the floor, dead
catch the thief stealing
leave the fire burning
5、定语
doing\ done
（1） doing 动作正在进行 falling leaves; boiling water
done 动作已经完成 fallen leaves; boiled water
（2） doing 令对方----- a moving film ; an exciting story
done 自身----- a frightened horse; in a satisfied voice
(3) doing ； to do 表主动
a girl sitting by the window
nothing to worry about ; have something to say
Do you have any letter to post ?
I’ll go to the post office; do you have any letter to be posted?
(4) done ; to be done ; being done 表被动
building to be built \ which will be built
being built\ which is\ was being built
built \ which was built \has been built
6、分词作状语

一般时
完成时
主动
doing
having done
被动
done
having been done




习惯用 -ing 的分词：including; judging by\ from ; considering;
taking everything into consideration
习惯用 –ed 的分词：compared with ; dressed in ; ---
to do 作状语表目的：I got up early to catch the first bus.
only to 作状语表结果： I came to school early , only to find no one was there.
句子，_____
1 doing\ done
2 only to 表结果
3 谓语动词之一。
注：
所有的非谓语动词的否定式都否定在前面
not to do ; not doing; not having done;
疑问代词或疑问副词后面出现动词用to do 结构：
I really want to know what to do next.
When to hold the meeting is not known yet.
I want a house in which to store the goods.
I need money with which to buy the books.

生词表: