0倒装句
通常英语句子的主语是在谓语动词之前，这种语序称为自然语序；反之，如果谓语动词在主语前，这种语序就成为倒装语序。倒装语序又分为部分倒装（即把谓语动词的一部分移至主语前）和全部倒装（把整个谓语动词置于主语前）。单个的动词只用全部倒装。但是，如果表语，宾语，状语或宾语补足语等提到主语之前，则被称作前置。试对比：
eg. She is a nice girl.
Eg. Is she a nice girl?
Eg. What a nice girl she is!
使用倒装主要有两种情况：一是由于一定的语法结构的需要；二是由于强调。
1．在疑问句中或表示感叹的否定问句中用到装。
Do you like English?
Eg. Isn’t she tall?
如果主语或主语的定语是特殊疑问词，则要用自然语序：
eg. Who works the hardest?
eg. Which team won the match?
疑问句用自然语序常表示一种特殊感情：
eg. You have lost your pen。
2. 在There be 句型中（be 还可换成live, lie等表示状态的动词），要用全倒装.
Eg. There are a lot people in the hall.
Eg. Long long ago, there lived a king.
3. 以there, here , now , then 等引起的句子中，谓语动词常为be , come , go 等，要用全倒装。
Eg. There are some picture books.
Eg. Come your turn.
如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装：
eg. Here they are.
4. 在so(肯定句)，neither 和nor (f否定句)引起的句子中，表示前面的情况也适于另一个人或物时，用部分倒装：
eg. I went there yesterday. Do did she.
Eg. Tome doesn’t like bananas. Neither/ Nor do I.
如果只是重复前面一句话的意思，主语指同一人或物时，则不需要倒装。
Eg. ---It was cold yesterday . --- So it was.
5. 省略if的虚拟条件句中的部分倒装。
Eg. If I had listened to the teacher carefully, I would have known the answer.
= Had I listened to the teacher carefully ,…
6. 某些由as, be 等引导的让步壮语从句用倒装或前置：
eg. Everyone must obey the rule, be he a teacher or a student.
无论是老师还是学生，人人必须遵守这个制度。
Eg. Child as he is , he knows a lot.
7. 某些表示祝愿的句子中用倒装。
Eg. Long live China.
Eg. May your country become stronger.
8. “Only +状语”位于句首使用部分倒装
eg. Only in this way can you solve the problem.
★主句倒装从局不倒装：
eg. Only when the war was over could he go on studying.
★“only +主语”位于句首时，不用倒装：
eg. Only he knows the answer.
9. 具有否定意义的词语（主语除外）位于句首时用倒装。
这类词有：not , never, seldom, rarely, hardly, not until, not only… but also…, neither…(nor), no sooner … than…, hardly / scarcely … when./ before…, by no means, in no times等。
Eg. Never shall I forget the day.
(比较：I shall never forget the day.)
eg. Not only does he like English, but also he learns it well.
Not only…but also…, neither… nor连接主语时，虽位于句首也不用倒装语序。
Eg. Not only I but also she likes English.
10. so/ such …that…结构中，so或such位于句首加强语气时，用倒装：
eg. So angry was he that he couldn’t speak.
11. in, out , away. off, up, down 等副词开头的句子中，为了使情景更生动，用完全倒装。
Eg. Up went the arrow into the air.
★主语是代词时不用倒装。
Eg. Away they went.
12. 整个（或部分）直接引语置于名词充当的主语前时，用完全倒装：
eg. “They must be in the fields now.”, thought Mr. LI.
★主语是人称代词时多部不用倒装。

















倒装句
通常英语句子的主语是在谓语动词之前，这种语序称为自然语序；反之，如果谓语动词在主语前，这种语序就成为倒装语序。
倒装语序 : 部分倒装（即把谓语动词的一部分移至主语前）
全部倒装（把整个谓语动词置于主语前）。
定义： 为保持句子平衡或强调某一部分，把谓语一部分或全部放在主语前，主谓倒置。
一．全部倒装。
1.There be : eg. There are many students in the classroom.
2.表方位，时间的副词放句首： here, there , in ,out, up, down, away, off, now, then.主语是代词时不倒装。（谓语动词常是come, go , rush, run ,lie, run . sit 等不及物动词）
eg. A scream of joy came then.
Eg. The price went up and up.
Eg. They rushed out in a hurry.
3.表方位的介词放句首。
Eg. A professor stood in a lecture hall.
Eg. A house stood at the foot of a mountain.
4.为了保持句子平衡，把表语提前进行强调。
Eg. The national flag was fastened to the pole.
Eg. The days are gone when the Chinese used the foreign oil.
二． 部分倒装。即把谓语动词的一部分移至主语前,如助动词或情态动词。
1.具有否定含义的词放句首：(1) not/ never/ seldom/ neither/ nor/ little/ rarely/ scarcely
(2) in no case / at no time / by no means/ not … until / not only
no sooner… than/ scarcely/ hardly … when
eg. He not only likes English, but also he learns it well.
Eg. I have never met such a thing in my lifetime.
Eg. He did not make a single mistake.
Eg. Ch
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