SECTION: CAN (to be able)
English: Can
Chinese: kuh-ee
English: Is it okay?
Chinese: kuh-ee mah
Literally: can?
English: I can go
Chinese: woh kuh-ee tchoo
Literally: (same)
English: Can you go?
Chinese: nee kuh-ee tchoo mah
Literally: you can go +?
English: Can you come?
Chinese: nee kuh-ee lie mah
Literally: you can come +?
English: May I sit down?
Chinese: woh kuh-ee dzoh mah
Literally: I can sit +?
English: I cannot eat this
Chinese: woh boo kuh-ee chih juh-guh
Literally: I not can eat this
There is more than one way of saying can in Mandarin. In general you'll find kuh-ee to involve permission issues. The following verb, nung, implies ability because of skills/knowledge. However, this is a very loose rule and these two verbs are often used interchangeably.
English: Can (alternate)
Chinese: nung
English: Can you speak English?
Chinese: nee nung shoh yeeng-wuhn mah?
Literally: you able to speak English?
English: I cannot come
Chinese: woh boo nung lie
Literally: I not able come
SECTION: WHEN
English: What
Chinese: shun-muh
English: When
Chinese: shun-muh-shih-hoh
Literally: what times
English: When are we going?
Chinese: woh-men shun-muh-shih-hoh tchoo
Literally: we when go?
English: When are you going?
Chinese: nee shun-muh-shih-hoh tchoo
Literally: you when go?
English: When is he coming?
Chinese: tah shun-muh-shih-hoh lie
Literally: he when come?
English: When can you come?
Chinese: nee shun-muh-shih-hoh kuh-ee lie
Literally: you when can come?
English: When are we eating?
Chinese: woh-men shun-muh-shih-hoh chih
Literally: we when eat?
English: When do you want to eat?
Chinese: nee see-ahng shun-muh-shih-hoh chih
Literally: you would like when to eat?