2002年12月 Part IV Cloze （15minutes）








Directions：There are 20 blanks in the following passage．For each blank there are four choices marked A）, B）,C）and D）on the right side of the paper．You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage．Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet with a single line through the centre．


When women do become managers, do they bring a different style and different skills to the job? Are they better, or worse, managers than men? Are women more highly motivated and 71than male managers?


Some research 72 the idea that women bring different attitudes and skills to management jobs, such as greater 73 an emphasis on affiliation and attachment, and a 74 to bring emotional factors to bear 75 making workplace decisions．These differences are 76 to carry advantages for companies, 77they expand the range of techniques that can be used to78the company manage its workforce79．


A study commissioned by the international Women's Forum 80a management style used by some women managers（and also by some men） that 81 from the command and control style 82 used by male managers Using this "interactive leadership"approach,"women 83 participation, share power and information, 84 other people's self-worth, and get others excited about their work．All these 85 reflect their belief that allowing86to contribute and to feel 87 and important is a win-win 88 -good for the employees and the organization．"The study's director 89 that "interactive leadership may emerge90the management style of choice for many organizations．"


71．A）committed B）confronted C）confined D）commanded


72．A）despises B）supports C）opposes D）argues


73．A）coherence B）correlation C）combination D）cooperativeness


74．A）sensitivity B）willingness C）virtue D）loyalty


75．A）by B）with C）in D）at


76．A）seen B）revised C）watched D）disclosed


77．A）because B）whereas C）nonetheless D）therefore


78．A）direct B）enable C）help D）support


79．A）effectively B）evidently C）precisely D）aggressively


80．A）developed B）discovered C）located D）invented


81．A）derives B）detaches C）descends D）differs


82．A）traditionally B）conditionally C）inherently D）occasionally


83．A）engage B）dismiss C）encourage D）disapprove


84．A）enlarge B）ignore C）degrade D）enhance


85．A）things B）themes C）researches D）subjects


86．A）males B）women C）managers D）employees


87．A）skillful B）powerful C）thoughtful D）faithful


88．A）circumstance B）status C）situation D）position


89．A）defied B）predicted C）diagnosed D）proclaimed


90．A）as B）for C）into D）from


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2001年1月


In the United States the first day nursery was opened in 1854． Nurseries were established in various areas during the 1 half of the 19th century; most of 2 were charitable ．Both in Europe and in the U．S．, the day nursery movement received great 3 during the First World War, when 4of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented numbers of women． In some European countries nurseries were established 5 in munitions plants, under direct government sponsorship． _6 the number of nurseries in the U．S． also rose 7, this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind． During the years following the First World War, 8, federal, state and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control 9 the day nurseries ,chiefly by 10 them and by inspecting and regulating the conditions within the nurseries ．


The 11of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were12 called upon to replace men in the factories．On this13 the U．S．government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools, 14 $6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nursery school program for the children of working mothers．Many states and local communities15 this Federal aid． By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared 16in daycare centers receiving Federal 17．Soon afterward, the Federal government 18cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later19them causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation．However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their 20 at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled．


1．A） latter B） late C） other D） first


2．A） those B） them C） whose D） whom


3．A） impetus B） input C） imitation D） initiative


4．A） sources B） abundance C） shortage D） reduction


5．A） hardly B） entirely C） only D） even


6．A） Because B） As C） Since D） Although


7．A） unanimously B） sharply C） predominantly D） militantly


8．A） therefore B） consequently C） however D） moreover


9．A） over B） in C） at D） moreover


10．A） formulating B） labeling C） patenting D） licensing


11．A） outset B） outbreak C） breakthrough D） breakdown


12．A） again B） thus C） repeatedly D） yet


13．A） circumstance B） occasion C） case D） situation


14．A） regulating B） summoning C） allocating D） transferring


15．A） expanded B） facilitated C） supplemented D） compensated


16．A） by B） after C） of D）