The worlds population

　　教学目标

　　教学目标与要点

　　　　1．掌握且能熟练运用有关人口的问答：What's the population of...? It's about...

　　　　2．能快速、正确地表达任何一个数字，且能书写正确。

　　　　3．掌握本单元的词汇和短语的用法，特别是hour after hour, prefer to...rather than..., be busy doing, faster and faster等的用法。

　　　　4．学习过去将来时态的构成和用法，掌握它的否定式、肯定式、疑问式及其简略答语，及它用于宾语从句中与主句时态的关系。

　　　　5．认真学习"Standing room only"，明白控制人口迅速增长的重要性，设想一下有哪些方案可以缓解人口的快速增长。

　　本单元词组与日常交际用语

　　（一）本单元短语及词组

　　　　slow down 下降；放慢

　　　　hour after hour 一小时又一小时，连续

　　　　multiply...by... ......乘以......

　　　　at the beginning of... 起；开始

　　　　more and more 越来越...

　　　　prefer to...rather than... 宁愿......而不愿

　　　　rather than 宁可；是......而不......

　　　　bag one's pardon 请原谅；对不起

　　　　be busy doing 忙着做......

　　　　for the size of the country 相对这个国家的容量

　　　　the developed countries 发达国家

　　　　the more developed countries 比较发达国家

　　　　the developing countries 发展中国家

　　　　the less developed countries 不太发达国家

　　　　slow down the population increase？ 下降人口增长

　　　　standing room only 只有立足之地

　　　　produce ...for... 为......生产

　　　　grow faster and faster 增长的越来越快

　　　　one square metres of space 一平方米的地方

　　　　at the beginning of the 21st century 在21世纪初

　　　　be worth ...... 值 ......

　　　　the Rolls Royce 劳斯莱斯牌轿车

　　（二）日常交际英语

　　购物shopping

　　　　How much does... cost ...?

　　　　It can cost as little as ... yuan and as much as ... yuan.

　　　　It can cost ....

　　　　It costs ....

　　　　It's worth ....

　　　　You can buy ....

　　表示同意和不同意Expressing agreement and disagreement

　　　　　　　　　　I don't agree with ....

　　请求Requests

　　　　I wasn't sure whether....

　　　　I wonder if ....

　　其他

　　　　What's the population of ...?

　　教学建议一

　　教材内容分析

　　　　本单元的中心问题是当代人们最关注的问题之 - 人口问题。课文"Standing room only"介绍了世界人口迅速增长的状况，所带来的一系列问题，如粮食紧缺、就业困难、住房紧张等，说明控制人口增长的重要性和必要性，以雄辩的事实对同学们进行人口教育，使他们进一步认识到中国实行计划生育政策的必要性和深远意义。本单元学习了数词的表示法和读法，过去将来时态的构成和基本用法，询问人口的句型。英语中就人口提问只用what，不用 how many或 how much。本单元还学习了，常用词语和表示位置移动的动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来时态。

　　本单元重点例句及相关知识讲解

　　　　1. 3，333，333，333三十三亿三千三百三十三万三千三百三十三。

　　　　 读写多位数时要注意以下几点：

　　　　（1）1，000以上的数字，要用计数退点"，"。从个位开始，每隔三位加一个逗点。第一个逗点前是thousand，第二个逗点前是million．第三个逗点前是billion（美国英语说法）或thousand million（英国英语说法）。

　　　　（2）分段之后，每段都成了l～999之间的数了，读写时在十位（个位）数与百位数之间加and。

　　　　（3）英语中无单独表示"万"和"亿"的量词，故用ten thousand表示"一万"，one hundred thousand 表示"十万"，twenty million表示"二千万"，three hundred million表示"三亿"。

　　　　因此，上面的数字就读成：three billion three hundred and thirty－three million three hundred and thirty-three thousand three hundred and thirty-three。

　　　　2．What's the population of Germany? 德国的人口是多少？

　　　　population是个集合名词，意思是"人口；人数"，常用来指人口的总称，在日常使用时，必须注意以下几种用法：

　　　　（1）population是一个集合名词，在句中作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。如：

　　　　The population of Germany is about 81,000,000. 德国大约有八千一百万人口。

　　　　The world's population is growing faster and faster. 世界人口增长越来越快。

　　　　注：如果population与分数或百分数连用时，谓语动词多用复数形式。如：

　　　　Three fifths of the population in our town are farmers. 我们镇五分之三的人是农民。

　　　　（2）表示"......的人口"可用the population of +地名，也可用the population in +地名，作主语中心词时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：

　　　　The population of Canada is 28,100,000. 加拿大人口是二千八百一十万。

　　　　（3）表示某国、某城市有多少人口时，还可用... have/has a population of...结构。如：

　　　　The city has a population of 50,000. 那座城市有五万人。

　　　　注：people常用于表示具体的人数，虽然people不加"s"，但谓语动词常用复数。如：

　　　　How many people are there in your family? 你家有几口人？

　　　　（4）由于population是不可数名词，因此不用How many也不用How much进行提问，应用What / How large。如：

　　　　1）What's the population of China? 中国有多少人口？

　　　　2）澳大利亚有多少人？

　　　　误：How many is the population of Australia?

　　　　正：How large is the population of Australia?

　　　　（5）说明人口或人数的"多"或"少"时，不用many/few/much/little修饰，而用large, big或small, thin修饰。如：

　　　　Dalian has a large population. 大连人口很多。Which country has the smallest population Canada, the USA or Australia? 加拿大、美国、澳大利亚哪个国家的人口最少？

　　　　3. I wonder if that's a lot of people for the size of the country. 我想知道这个国家能否容的下这么多人。

　　　　句中wonder的意思是want to know，常接if或whether引导的宾语从句。如：

　　　　I wonder if it is true. 我想知道这是不是真的。

　　　　I wonder whether Tom will come. 我不晓得汤姆来不来。

　　　　句中size 是名词，意思是"容量；尺寸；大小；面积"。如：

　　　　It was about the size of a duck's egg. 其大小约如鸭蛋。

　　　　His shoes are Size 10. 他的鞋是十码的。

　　　　The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 地球大约是月球的49倍。

　　　　4. Multiply this by 365. 用365来乘它（370，000）

　　　　（1）multiply A by B 用B乘A。

　　　　例：6 multiplied by 5 is 30. (6×5=30)6乘5等于30。

　　　　（2）"乘"的另外一种表达法是times。"除"在英语中用divide表示。

　　　　例：6 times 5 is (are) 30. 30 divided by 5 is 6.

　　　　(6×5=30) 6乘5等于30。(30 ÷ 5=6) 30除以等于6。

　　　　（3）句中by是介词，意思是"相差"指程度。如：

　　　　He is taller than I by a head. 他比我高一个头。

　　　　"......+by+数字或倍数+......"在本句型中有比较级出现或有表示增减意义的动词或分词出现时，by后表示的都是净增减的数或增加的倍数。如：

　　　　A is by 2 inches longer than B. A比B长二吋。

　　　　300 increased by 200 is 500. 300加200等于500。

　　　　900 decreased by 100 is 800. 900减100等于800。

　　　　注意如果句中用go up（上升）代替increase时，就不能用by。

　　　　5．The world's population is growing faster and faster．世界人口增长得越来越快。

　　　　the world's population还可以说成：the population of the world／the world population这三种说法都译为"世界人口"，只是表达形式不同。第一种说法是名词所有格作定语；第二种说法是"of属格"作定语；第三种说法是名词作定语。注意，如说"中国人口"，应说：the population of China或the China's population。但不能用表示"某国"的形容词作定语，即不能说the Chinese population，因为形容词Chinese（中国的）French（法国的）German（德国的）等不表示所属关系。

　　　　形容词或副词的比较级连用表示"越来越......"，例如：

　　　　English is becoming more and more important．She studies English harder and harder．Her score is becoming better and better．英语变得越来越重要。她学习英语越来越用功。她的成绩越来越好

　　　　6．People say that by the year 2010, it may be seven billion.

　　　　人们认为到2010年，人口将达70亿。

　　　　（1） 句中by the year 2010是"到2010年"的意思。相关 by的短语有：by the end of...到......末为止，只用来表示时间，常与完成时态连用，也可用于将来时态。与之相关的短语有：

　　　　at the end of在......末，在......末端（尽头），可以表示时间，也可表示地点，常与过去时态或将来时态连用。

　　　　to the end到（某一）终点为止，可表示时间，也可表示地点，指时间常用till代替to。

　　　　in the end最终、终于，相当于at last或 finally。

　　　　【例】1）We had learned eleven English songs by the end of last term．We had an English songs exam at the end of last month．He stayed there till(to) the end of last month．

　　　　到上学期末，我们已学了十一首英语歌曲。上月末我们进行了一场英语歌考试。他在那儿一直呆到上月月底。

　　　　2）You can find the post office at the end of this street．Go down that street to the end and you will find the hospital．

　　　　在这条街的尽头，你会找到邮局的。沿着那条街走到底，你会找到那所医院的。

　　　　（2）by还可表达下列意思：

　　　　by在......旁边

　　　　The writer often saw an old man fish by the lake. 作者经常看见一位老者在湖边钓鱼。

　　　　by使用......工具

　　　　Miss Smith goes to work by car but she is sometimes late. Smith小姐开车上班但有时她还是迟到。

　　　　by：由......，被......，表示被动关系。

　　　　This book was written by my father in 1998.这本书是由我父亲在于1998年写的。

　　　　by the end of...到......底为止，它不是指在某个时间点，而是指某一点时间之前或到某一点时间为止是一种什么情况。强调的是状态或结果。其后接表示时间的名词并与之构成时间状语。如：

　　　　He will be 16 years old by the end of next month. 他到下个月底就16岁了。

　　　　7．That means that in about 600 years, there will be standing room only on the earth．这意味着大约600年后，地球上将只有立足之地。

　　　　（1）副词only一般放在它所修饰的词或短语之前。否则，就会引起句意的不同。

　　　　例：Only Tom drives the new car on Sunday．只有Tom在周日开新车。

　　　　Tom only drives the new car on Sunday．周日Tom只开开新车，而不做别的事。

　　　　Tom drives only the new car on Sunday．Tom在周日只开新的车子。

　　　　Tom drives the new car only Sunday．Tom只有在周日才开新车。

　　　　（2）standing在这里是动名词，"站的地方；立足之地"。作room的定语，整个短语相当于room for standing only. -ing形式修饰名词表示用途的情况还有：

　　　　waiting room 候车室

　　　　walking stick 拐棍，手杖

　　　　fishing pole 钓鱼竿

　　　　（3）此处的room表示"空间"，是个不可数名词，相当于space。常用于"There be句型"和"make room for sb．"，"take up much／little room"等短语中。

　　　　例：This table takes up too much room of his bedroom．

　　　　这张桌子占了他卧室里太多的空间（地方）。

　　　　本句中有两个that，但作用意思完全不同。前者为指示代词，指代上文中所讲人口增长的严峻形势，作主语，意为"这种情况"；后者为连词，引导means后的宾语从句，无词义。

　　　　（4）in／after／later这三个词均可表示"在......之后"的意思，其用法及区别是：

　　　　in作为介词，后跟一段时间，表示从现在算起的"一段时间之后"，常用于一般将来时态。例如：

　　　　l）I'll come back in a minute．我一会儿就回来。

　　　　2）What will happen in a hundred years？100年后会发生什么事呢？

　　　　after也是介词，表示从过去某时起的若干时间之后，谓语动词用过去时，不可用于将来时。但是，在表示某一具体时间或某一具体事件之后，则用在将来时或过去时中。例如：

　　　　1）He came back after two years．他两年后回来了。

　　　　2）After three days Wang Hai found his bike．三天后王海找到了他的自行车。

　　　　3）After the meeting, we'll discuss it．会议后，我们将讨论这件事。

　　　　4）We will get there after two o'clock．两点钟后，我们将到那里。

　　　　later是副词，在句中作状语，既能以过去某个时间为基准，也能以现在为基准，因此可用于一般过去时态或一般将来时态。例如：

　　　　1）Later, he was interested in science．后来，他对自然科学发生了兴趣。

　　　　2）The radio says the sun will come out later．广播说太阳过一会儿就会出来。

　　　　注意："一段时间 + later"是副词词组，表示"若干时间以后"，有两种用法：

　　　　① 用于过去时态，表示"从过去某一时间算起，过若干时间后"，与"after+段时间"意思相同。例如：Half an hour later she woke up and began to cry．半个小时后她醒了，开始哭起来。

　　　　② 用于将来时态，表示"从将来的某一时间算起，过若干时间后"。例如：He will go there on May 1, and will go there again a few days later．五月一日他将到那儿，几天后他还要再去那儿。

　　　　8．I don't agree with you two．我不同意你们两人（的观点）。

　　　　句中agree是"同意；取得一致意见"的意思。agree作及物动词用时，后面通常跟名词、不定式或that引起的从句作宾语。其可以单独使用，也可以和介词to，with，on等连用，agree on常用在被动结构中，以事物作主语时，表示"（某事）是大家都同意的"意思，有时on也可以省略。

　　【例】

　　　　（1）Can we agree the price 我们能不能商定一个价格？

　　　　（2）I agree that your suggestion is quite good．

　　　　我认为你的建议非常好。

　　　　（3）I really can't agree with you．

　　　　我实在不能同意你的意见。

　　　　（4）We agreed on the date for the meeting．

　　　　我们对开会的日期取得了一致的意见。

　　　　（5）After a short time, the program was agreed (on)．

　　　　过了一会儿，这项计划大家都同意了。

　　　　（6）He has agreed to our plan for the holiday．

　　　　他已经同意我们的假期计划。

　　　　9. prefer v. 宁愿，更喜欢

　　　　1）跟名词或代词。例如：

　　　　Southerners prefer rice and northerners foods made from flour．

　　　　南方人比较爱吃米饭，北方人比较爱吃面食。

　　　　They prefer new works that sing of their life today. I prefer the view taken by Xiao Yang who like the old songs．This construction is much to be preferred.

　　　　他们更喜欢歌颂他们今天生活的新作品。我倾向于小杨的喜欢老歌的意见。这种结构更好一些。

　　　　2）跟不定式。例如：

　　　　I prefer to walk there．我宁愿走路去。

　　　　But people prefer to order their dishes if they have the time．

　　　　但人们更愿意点菜，如果有时间的话。

　　　　At the moment they preferred not to talk about this question．

　　　　在这个时刻，他宁愿不谈这个问题。

　　　　We should have preferred to leave on the 8th, but we didn't because we had to wait for another classmate．

　　　　我们本来更愿意在八号走的，但没有成功，因为我们得等另外一个同学。

　　　　3）跟V+ ing结构。例如：

　　　　I prefer standing．我情愿站着。

　　　　He preferred spending his spare time doing some serious reading.

　　　　他比较喜欢把业余时间用来认真读点书。

　　　　So you prefer living in the suburbs?

　　　　这么说，你是更愿意住郊区了？

　　　　He preferred speaking without referring to his notes.

　　　　他喜欢不看稿子作报告。

　　　　4）跟带不定式的复合结构。例如：

　　　　I should have preferred him to do it in a different way．

　　　　我倒愿意他用另一种办法办。

　　　　They preferred her not to go with them．

　　　　他们宁愿她不跟他们去。

　　　　The committee would prefer the matter to be discussed at the next morning．

　　　　委员们希望这个问题下次会议再讨论。

　　　　5）跟从句。例如：

　　　　He preferred, of course, such activities should cease.

　　　　他当时情愿这种活动不再继续下去。

　　　　She preferred that we should have the discussion right after the lecture.

　　　　她更愿意我们一听完课就讨论。

　　　　I would have preferred that we do it some other way．

　　　　我倒愿意我们采取另一种做法。

　　教学建议二

　　过去将来时态

　　一、过去将来时的构成：

　　　　would+动词原形或was/ were going to+动词原形

　　　　如：The farmers didn't know whether they would have a good harvest.农民们不知道他们是否会有一个好收成。

　　　　Li Mei said that she was going to visit her grandma in the country the next Sunday.李梅说下星期天要去看望她乡下的祖母。

　　二、过去将来时的用法：

　　　　过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看将来要看发生的动作或存在的状态。具体分为：

　　　　1．主句为过去时，宾语从句常表示将要发生的事情。如：

　　　　Nobody knew what would happen after a hundred years. 没有人知道一百年之后将会发生什么事。

　　　　We didn't know whether she was going to speak at the meeting. 我们不知道她是否准备在会上发言。

　　　　2．在叙述过去的事情或事情发生的经过时，用过去将来时表示在当时看将来会发生的事。如：

　　　　It was a Saturday afternoon. A young man named George had just left school. He was going to start to work the following week, so he decided to buy some new clothes and a new pair of shoes.一个星期六的下午，一位名叫乔治的年轻人刚离开学校。因为他准备下周开始工作，所以，决定买些新衣服和一双新鞋子。

　　　　3．过去将来时态一般不能单独使用。因为它表示过去和将来双重的时态概念，必须有另一个时态作为比较或衬托。但在一定的上下文中，也可单独使用。例如：

　　　　That afternoon I was on my way home after three years of absence. My whole family would all come out to welcome me back, and I should see my aged and long-de-parted parents very soon．

　　　　那天下午，我在离别三年之后踏上了回家的路。我的全家都会出来迎接我，不久我即将见到我那分别已久的年迈父母。

　　三、过去将来时的其他表示法

　　　　1．在时间或条件状语从句中，常用一般过去时表示在过去看将来要发生的动作。如：

　　　　They said that they were going to West Hill Farm if it didn't rain the next Sunday. 他们说如果下星期天不下雨他们就去西山农场。

　　　　The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he grew up. 老师问汤姆长大后准备干什么。

　　　　2．go, come, leave, fly, drive, arrive, start等表示位置移动的动词常用过去进行时表示一个当时按计划或安排近期将要发生的动作。如：

　　　　She didn't say when she was coming again next time. 她没说下一次什么时候会再来。

　　　　Jim decided they were flying to England next month. 吉姆决定他们下个月坐飞机去英国。

　　数词的表达法

　　　　1-20逐个熟记。

　　　　21~99：先说"几十"，再说"几"，中间加连字号。如：35-thirty-five 69-sixty-nine 。

　　　　101~999：先说"几百"，再加and，再加末尾两位数或一位数。如：

　　　　226-two hundred and twenty-six

　　　　518-five hundred and eighteen

　　　　905-nine hundred and five

　　　　4位和4位以上的数字：先从后向前数，每三位数空半个阿拉伯数字的位置，第一个空前为thousand（千），第二个空前为million（百万），第三个空前为billion（十亿，美式）或thousand million（英式），然后一节一节读出。（或每三位为一段，用逗号分开，第一个逗号前是thousand，第二个逗号前是million，第三个逗号前是billion。）如：

　　　　2 002-two thousand and two

　　　　6 000-six thousand

　　　　9 876-nine thousand，eight hundred and seventy-six

　　　　198 407-a（one）hundred and ninety-eight thousand，four hundred and seven

　　　　18 657 421-eighteen million，six hundred and fifty-seven thousand，four hundred and twenty-one

　　　　8 000 000 000-eight billion（美式）或eight thousand million（英式），如：

　　　　1 000 000 000 000-a（one）trillion（美式），a（one）billion（英式）

　　　　注意在上述这样数词中，hundred，thousand，million等词一般用单数形式。如：

　　　　ten thousand 一万

　　　　a hundred thousand 十万

　　　　a hundred million 一亿

　　　　a thousand million 十亿

　　　　a billion 十亿

　　　　注意：英语没有单独表示"万"和"亿"的单词。表示"一万"要用ten thousand，表示"一千万"要用ten million，表示"一亿"要用a hundred million。

　　教学建议三

　　过去将来时的教学建议

　　　　本单元的语法重点是过去将来时。过去将来时是表示对过去某一时间来说将要发生的动作或状况。通常用would或was/were going to+动词原形来表示。如：He said he would go to his hometown for the Spring Festival. 他说他将回家乡去过春节。

　　　　They told me that they would visit China the next week.他们告诉我他们下星期将访问中国。

　　　　She said that she was going to do some shopping the next day. 她说她第二天将去买东西。

　　过去将来时通常在以下几种情况下使用。

　　　　1．主句为过去时，在宾语从句中表示将来的事情用过去将来时。如第51课中第3部分

　　Make sentences中的句子：

　　　　I didn't know that they would be able to buy another car.

　　　　My uncle never knew that a car would cost more than a house.

　　　　意思是："我当时不知道他们会买另一辆新车。" "我叔叔当时不知道一辆汽车会比一幢房子贵。"

　　　　2．在叙述过去的事情时，在当时看来将要发生的事。如：

　　　　She was our new teacher and she would be 30 years old that year. We all liked her very much and we were going to have a party for her birthday. 她那时是我们的新老师。她那一年就到30岁了。我们非常喜欢她，打算为她举办一次生日聚会。

　　过去将来时还有其他一些用法，教师不必讲得太多，因为这个时态在初中阶段仅要求理

　　解。可以指导学生把一些句子改为过去将来时，如：

　　　　The small children did not know who filled their stockings.

　　　　The small children did not know who would fill their stockings.小孩子们不知道谁将往他们的袜子里塞东西。

　　　　They didn't know what would be in their stockings.小孩子们不知道谁将往他们的袜子里塞东西。

　　下面一组句子可供教师们作补充练习：

　　　　I didn't know that they would be all there. 我不知道他们都会去那儿。

　　　　They didn't know whether we would win or not. 他们不知道我们是否会取胜。

　　　　He told Jim not to worry. He would take care of Polly. 他告诉吉姆不必担心，他会照看波利的。

　　　　He said he was going to send me a Christmas card. 他说他将会给我寄一张圣诞卡。

　　　　I couldn't decide which school I would go to. 我当时无法决定上哪一所学校。

　　数字读法的教学建议

　　　　第49课重点训练大数字的读法，除了要向学生讲清楚读多位数字要注意的规则外，还要引导学生通过练习逐渐熟练地掌握，不要急于求成。本单元话题是世界人口问题，为训练多位数字的读法提供了真实、自然的语言情景。

　　　　第49课第一、二部分主要是教学多位数字的引入和练习阶段，可用卡片或把数字写在黑板上的方法教学。教师应引导学生总结读数字的规律。

　　　　Number Chinese English

　　　　l0，000 一万 ten thousand

　　　　100，000 十万 hundred thousand

　　　　1，000，000 百万 million

　　　　l0，000，000 千万 ten million

　　　　l00，000，000 亿 hundred million

　　　　l，000，000，000 十亿 thousand million/billion

　　　　在处理第三部分Ask and answer时，可用世界地图，从中国人口谈起，如：This is China. How many people are there in China? 然后换句话问：What's the population of China? 鼓励学生从上下文中猜测population的词义。引导学生答出：About 1,200,000,000，接下来再问：Do you think it will grow? 等。这样反复练习几个国家后，再让学生打开书分小组做替换练习。

　　关于阅读课文的教学建议

　　　　第50课课文"只有立足之地"通过介绍世界人口迅速增长的状况，说明控制人口增长的重要性和必然性。可以在让学生打开书前，问一些有关问题，如：

　　　　The world's population is growing very fast. This is a big problem.

　　　　Can anyone tell me why? 引导学生认识到世界人口的迅速增长会带来粮食缺少，就业困难和住房紧张等问题，并由此引出课文题目Standing room only。

　　　　在解释课文题目时，可以让学生打开书看课文插图，或通过切身体会谈人口多的弊病与生活空间狭小的麻烦。可以引导学生通过阅读课文理解课文题目的含义，也可以先初步了解课文题目的意思预测课文中要谈到的内容。有意识地培养学生利用课文题目和课文插图预测课文内容的能力。在阅读课文前，可以给学生一个快速查阅(scanning)的任务，例如让他们在一分钟内，从课文中找出有关世界人口增长的一组数字。如：

　　　　the number of babies born in one minute

　　　　the number of babies born in one hour

　　　　the world's population two thousand years ago

　　　　the world's population in 1990

　　　　阅读课文后，可以让学生分组讨论课文中提出的人口增长的问题，进一步认识到中国实行计划生育(Family planning)政策的必要性和深远意义。也可以做角色表演(Role play)，其中一人是《中学生报》记者，另一人是人口问题专家，小记者和专家可根据课文内容就世界人口问题进行问答，然后互换角色。还可留作家庭作业进一步练习、巩固。

　　Lesson 49 教学设计示例

　　Period: The First Period

　　Content: Lesson 49

　　Properties: Recorder; Overhead Projector; flashcards.

　　Teaching Objectives:

　　　　1. Let the students say the numbers.

　　　　2. Learn some new words and useful expressions.

　　Language focus: population, million, billion, increase, grow, What's the population of Germany?

　　Teaching Procedures:

　　　I. Showing tile teaching aims

　　　II. Revision

　　　　Revise the numbers between 1 and 100.

　　　III. Presentation

　　　　Use flashcards or numbers on the blackboard to revise one hundred, present a thousand in the same way. Then present ten thousand/ a hundred thousand/ a million and a billion

　　　　Give the students plenty of practice in reading these numbers. Point out the differences between English and Chinese for 10 000 and 100 000.

　　　IV. Drill

　　　　Part 1. Play the tape for the students to listen and repeat. Show numbers on the blackboard, to give the students more practice in saying the numbers.

　　　V. Presentation

　　　　Present more difficult numbers, then go through the model. Point out how commas are used. Let the students try to say the numbers in this exercise. Hay the tape for the students to listen and repeat.

　　　VI. Practice

　　　　Part 3, using a map of the world, go through contents of the table. Learn the meaning of population.

　　For example:

　　　　1. Our city has a population of two billion.

　　　　2. What's the population of Tianjin?

　　　　3. China has the largest population of the world.

　　　　Ask the students some questions, using the model given, e.g.: What's the population of...? What about the population of...? Finally, get the students to ask and answer in pairs.

　　　VII. Exercises in class

　　　　Let the students do enough practice in reading the numbers.

　　　　Have a dictation.

　　　　1. What's the population of France? About fifty - eight million.

　　　　2. The worlds population was about 5 300 million in 1990.

　　　　3. Nine billion, eight hundred and seventy - three million, four hundred and twenty - five thousand, two hundred and sixty - one.

　　　　Work in groups

　　　　Show a picture of the numbers of World's population. Teacher speak out the names of country or city, and ask the students speak out each number one by one in their group. And then ask the other group to practise this again. Whose sound is correct and clearly? Whose number reading is best?

　　　VIII. Homework

　　　　1. Revise the numbers

　　　　2. Make five partners in asking the population.

　　Lesson 50 教学设计示例

　　Period: The Second Period

　　Content: Lesson 50

　　Properties: Recorder; Overhead Projector; Pictures.

　　Teaching Objectives:

　　　　1. Understand the text.

　　　　2. Learn some useful words and phrases.

　　Language Focus: room, hour after hour.

　　Teaching Procedures:

　　　I. Showing the teaching aims

　　　II. Revision

　　　　Get the students to revise the numbers first, then give them a dictation:

　　　　A. 173 B. 6854 C. 17 000 D.456789 E.88990 F.378565214. Finally check their answers.

　　　III. Leading in

　　　　Ask: Do you know what the population of China or any other country in the world is? Then say: Today we're going to read about the world's population. The world's population is growing very fast. It is a big and serious problem. Can you tell me the reasons? Let the students discuss and help them answer with: "There isn't enough food, work for too many people. There aren't enough houses..." etc.

　　　　Let the students read the questions at the top of the page, get them to know very clearly, then ask them to read the passage quickly. And answer the questions.

　　　IV. Reading

　　　　Get the students to look at the Exercise below:

　　　　1. How many babies are born in one hour?

　　　　2. What do you think is the greatest challenge of the world today?

　　　　3. How is the world's population growing?

　　　　4. When was the population over 6 billion?

　　　　5. What will happen in about 600 years?

　　　　Go through the questions, then read the passage more carefully, try to find all the answers in the reading. Discuss the answers with the classmates. The students should understand the meaning of the words such as: earth, mouth, space and century from the context. Let them note the use of comparative of adjectives and adverbs in the passage. Finally check the answers with the whole class.

　　　V. Practice

　　　　Let the students know a little more knowledge about the world's population.

　　　　The world's population is now over 60 billion. It's likely to reach 10 billion by the middle of the 21st century. The Third World population is rising rapidly, straining health and education systems, hitting the environment, causing explosive urban growth and complicating food supply. So population has become a serious problem. The reading passage in this lesson aims to draw the student － concern about this great world problem.

　　　VI. Language Focus

　　　　Get the students to know how to use the following word and expressions.

　　　　1. room: I'm afraid, there is no room ( space ) for us on the bus.

　　　　　This big bag takes up too much room.

　　　　　Let me make room for our teacher.

　　　　2. hour after hour: The clock goes on striking hour after hour.

　　　　　Peter stayed in bed day after day.

　　　　　Year after year went by, she still didn't receive her son's news.

　　　VII. Workbook

　　　　Do Exercises 2 and 3 individually, then check the answers with the whole class.

　　　　The answers to Exercise 2: about, not, Multiply by. Hour after hour, fast, developing, problem, developed, slow down.

　　　　The answers to Exercise 3: 1. hardly 2. at the beginning of 3. path 4. worth 5. Beg your pardon

　　　VIII. Consolidation

　　　　Go through the passage again. Discuss the problems that the population explosion will bring. Get the students to use as much English as possible.

　　　　Exercises in class

　　　　Write a short passage about the population,

　　　　1. 人口问题是世界上最大的问题之一。

　　　　2. 人口增长非常快。

　　　　3. 600年后，地球上将只有立足之地了。

　　　　4. 中国人口众多。

　　　　5. 如果每个家庭只生一个孩子，问题就会变得好多了。

　　Lesson 51 教学设计示例

　　Period: The Third Period

　　Content: Lesson 51

　　Properties: Recorder; Overhead Projector.

　　Teaching Objectives:

　　　　1. Review the comparative forms of adjectives.

　　　　2. Learn the Future - in - the Past Tense.

　　Language Focus:

　　　　1. Grammar

　　　　2. useful expressions: prefer to do something. rather than do sth.

　　Teaching Procedures:

　　　I. Showing the teaching aims

　　　II. Revision

　　　　Do some numbers practice orally. Then let some students retell the passage. Finally, choose one or two good students to give their own ideas about the worlds population.

　　　III. Leading in

　　　　Say: As you know, People's life is getting better and better, more and more people want to buy cars, if you have much money, you'll buy a car. Ask: Do you think cars will become cheaper when more people buy cars? Let the students discuss this question then ask the students: What is the most expensive car in the world?

　　　IV. Read and act

　　　　Let the students read the dialogue quickly and find the answer to this question. Then check the answer with the students. Play the tape for the students to listen and repeat. Explain some language points:

　　　　1. prefer to do something...rather than do something

　　　　I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.

　　　　2. agree with: They didn't agree with each other.

　　　　3. Be worth: The book is worth 100 yuan.

　　　　Then let the students read and act it out.

　　　V. Teaching Grammar

　　　　Make up more sentences, such as: I don't know if he will come back next week.

　　　　I didn't know if he would come back the next week.

　　　　Point out the use of the Future - in - the - Past Tense in the object clause of these sentences, because the action would happen from a given past time mentioned in the main clauses. Let the students see grammar in the Appendix of the students' books.

　　　　Do some practice.

　　　　1. I didn't know if she would invite me to her birthday party.

　　　　2. He didn't tell me when he would come back.

　　　　3. She didn't say where she would go.

　　　　4. We never know that population would become a big problem.

　　　VI. Practice

　　　　Get the students to do Exercise 3 and ask the students to do more oral practice.

　　　VII. Workbook

　　　　Do Exercise 2 in the workbook, Fill in the blanks together. The answers are:

　　　　did...go, went, Did...buy, bought, were, found, hate, took, moved, know, was, was... crying, found

　　　IX. Summary

　　　　Exercises in class

　　　　Rewrite the sentences using the Future - in - the - Past Tense

　　　　1. I don't know if they will make friends with me.

　　　　2. Peter asks Betty when she will decide to stop drinking.

　　　　3. Mary says that she will take good care of that baby.

　　　　4. Lily hopes that you will catch up with the class.

　　　　5. We can't find out if the policeman will find him.

　　　IX. Homework

　　　　1. Revise the whole lesson.

　　　　2. Make up ten sentences using the Future - in - the - Past Tense.

　　Lesson 52 教学设计示例

　　Period: The Fourth Period

　　Content: Lesson 52

　　Properties: Recorder; Overhead Projector.

　　Teaching Objectives:

　　　　1. Practise listening.

　　　　2. Do the writing according to the diagram.

　　Teaching Procedures:

　　　I. Showing the teaching aims

　　　II. Revision

　　　　Choose some useful sentences from the students' homework and read them to class, then do more oral practice using the Future -in-the- Past Tense.

　　　III. Leading in

　　　　Say: today we're going to hear about different languages in the world, and have the students look at the Exercise 1 in the workbook, read all the questions first, then read the numbers aloud. Try to guess the answers before listening.

　　　IV. Listening

　　　　Listen to the tape and do Exercises. The answers are: 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. B7.C 8.A

　　　　Check the answers with the whole class.

　　　V. Practice

　　　　Ask the students to look at the diagram in Part 2. Discuss it with the students, let them understand the information. Ask the students to do the exercise in pairs. Then check the answers orally. Finally get them to write down the whole passage. Pay attention to the first sentence, it means the people will not be able to find room to stand in if the population is too large. The answers are: small, slowly, quickly, faster, more, smaller, fewer, healthier

　　　VI. Look and ask

　　　　Ask the students to look at the list of cards and let the students ask and answer in Pairs. For example: A: How much is the car? or What's the price of the car? or How much does the car cost? B: It's... Then discuss about why your car is the best.

　　　VII. Presentation

　　　　Ask the students: Do you like travelling in your holiday, let the students discuss. Then tell the students we'll learn something about Sam, ask the questions:

　　　　1. Which countries would he travel to for holiday?

　　　　2. Was his plan very good?

　　　　Listen to the tape and answer the questions. Play the tape for the students to listen and repeat. Explain some language Points:

　　　　1. travel to...

　　　　Last year Sam travelled to Beijing.

　　　　2. become interested in:

　　　　He became interested in science when he was eight years old.

　　　　3. be busy doing something:

　　　　The students are busy reading English now.

　　　VIII. Checkpoint 13

　　　　Go through Checkpoint 13 and make sure the students can understand the grammar and useful expressions.

　　　IX. Workbook

　　　　Do Exercises 2 and 3, ask the students to do them in pairs.

　　　　Do Exercise 4. The answers are: 1. would go, would get 2 would be, would be, said, would be, received 3 decided, didn't know, would teach, said, would leave, wouldn't be 4 was, found, would use, down loaded, made

　　　　Exercises in class

　　　　Rewrite the sentences.

　　　　1. What's the population of the world?

　　　　_________ _________ people _________ _________ in the world?

　　　　2. My home is twenty minutes on foot.

　　　　It __________________ 20 minutes to go home.

　　　　3. I forgot everything, so did Jim.

　　　　________I ________ Jim could ________ everything.

　　　　4. He was late for school, I was late, too.

　　　　He was late for school, I ________ ________ ________, ________.

　　　X. Homework

　　　　1. Revise the whole unit.

　　　　2. Use the useful expressions to make up a story.

　　　　3. Finish off the exercises in the workbook.

　　探究活动

　　采访

　　　　将学生分成两人一组。其中一人是《中学生报》记者，另一人是人口问题专家，小记者和人口问题专家分别根据课文内容就世界人口问题进行准备。然后进行问答练习，再互换角色。

　　Read World Population

　　　　根据所提供的2001年7月份的世界人口数量统计，制作成四组投影或挂图。进行活动时，将其展示在黑板上。教师将学生分成四组，让每组学生先看一幅投影或挂图，准备快速地读出每个国家的人口数量。然后，开始比赛，比赛以组为单位进行。每组学生一个接一个地读出该组的数字，以读得时间最短、出错率最少的组为胜。

　　World Population 6,157,400,560 (July 2001 est)

　　 Afganistan

　　 26,813,057