1、英语的句子成分：
一） 主语：
Walls have ears. ( )
He will take you to the hospital. （ ）
Three plus four equals seven. （ ）
To see is to believe. （ ）
Smoking is not allowed in public places. （ ）
Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. （ ）

二）谓语动词由_____________担任。助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。
Action speaks louder than words.
The chance may never come again.
Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994.

三）表语 它的位置在__________之后。是用来说明主语的________,_______, ________的.
My father is a professor. ( )
Who's that? It's me. ( )
Everything here is expensive. ( )
The match became very exciting.( )
The story of my life may be of help to others.( )
Three times five is fifteen. ( )
His plan is to seek work in the city. ( )
My first idea was that you should hide your feelings. ( )

（四）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在___________之后。_____词后也会跟宾语。
She covered her face with her hands.( )
We haven't seen her for a long time. ( )
Do you mind opening the window? ( )
Give me four please. ( )
He wants to dream a nice dream. ( )
We need to know what others are doing. ( )
We should care more about our friends. ( )

（五）定语 是修饰___词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之_____；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之_____。
They are woman workers. （ ）
Tom's father didn't write home until yesterday. （ ）
Mary is a beautiful girl.. （ ）
The play has three acts. ( )
This is her first trip to Europe. ( )
China is a developing country. ( )
I have nothing to eat. ( )
Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. ( )

六）状语 状语表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、伴随情况等。
The best fish swim near the bottom. ( )
I left the village five years ago. ( )
I arrived late because of the traffic jam .( )
We'll send a car to fetch you. ( )
The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving only bones.( )
The students came into the classroom, singing and dancing.( )
If he goes, so will I . ( )
Though he is a child, he knows a lot. ( )

七）宾语补足语
英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。宾语和宾语补足语一起构成___________。
They elected me captain of the team. ( )
We try to make our country strong. ( )
We found everything in good order there. ( )
I should advise you to get the chance. ( )
I saw him going upstairs. ( )
八）主语补足语 如果上述结构变成被动语态，原宾语成为主语，原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语
I was elected captain of the team.
Our country will be made strong.
二、简单句的五种基本句型
1．主语 + 系动词 + 表语
1）Our city is at the crossing of some important railways.
主语 系动词 表语
2）The city will become rich.
主语 系动词 表语
在这类结构中最常用的系动词是：
“变化”类：______________________________________________.
“感官”类: ______________________________________________.
“持续”类：___________________________________________.
其他：（似乎）________ _______ (证明是)_________
你的故事听起来很有趣。____________________________________.
把鱼放在冰箱里，否则它会变坏的。________________________________________.
这种炎热的天气将会保持几天。__________________________________________.
这个计划证明是可行的。__________________________________________.

2．主语 + 谓语
1）Building has started.
主语 谓语
2）The train leaves at 7:40.
主语 谓语
______搭配：The teacher teaches well.
The child walks very slowly.
_____搭配：The girl looked at the picture.
The children ran to the forest.
我每天起的很早，走到小花园，坐在凳子上。小鸟在树上欢快的歌唱，鱼儿在池塘
里自由的嬉戏，我玩得也高兴. ____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________.

3．主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
1）The boss employed five more workers.
主语 谓语 宾语
2）My brother takes care of the vegetable garden.
3）Few students like taking exams.
4）He forgot to close the door.生词表:

working [´wə:kiŋ]   a.工人的；劳动的   (初中英语单词)

expensive [ik´spensiv]   a.费钱的，昂贵的   (初中英语单词)

opening [´əupəniŋ]   n.开放；开端 a.开始的   (初中英语单词)

yesterday [´jestədi]   n.&ad.昨天；前不久   (初中英语单词)

traffic [´træfik]   n.交通，运输   (初中英语单词)

advise [əd´vaiz]   vt.忠告；建议；通知   (初中英语单词)

vegetable [´vedʒtəbəl]   a.&n.蔬菜(的)；植物   (初中英语单词)

upstairs [,ʌp´steəz]   ad.在楼上 a.楼上的   (英语四级单词)

taking [´teikiŋ]   a.迷人的 n.捕获物   (英语六级单词)